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Good residents, bad residents: How participatory processes in urban redevelopment privilege entrepreneurial citizens

机译：好的居民，坏居民：城市重建特权的参与过程如何创业公民

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While participatory processes in urban development are meant to increase citizen influence, decades of experimentation have led to mixed results. In this article we answer two inter-related questions: (1) How are "citizens' interests" defined in agreements that manage urban redevelopment projects? (2) When-under what conditions-are citizens able to alter the trajectory of urban development? By analyzing cases through the concept of "pragmatic registers", we show how residents, developers and civil servants can bend citizen participation-and its material arrangements from workshops and public meetings to contracts and policy documents-to serve their own purposes. The organizational and legal tools used in urban planning, we argue, privilege entrepreneurial citizens who are active, flexible and possess negotiating know-how. Participatory processes (re)produce moral categories, with entrepreneurial residents seen as the "good" residents who henceforth become the focus of urban policy. These categories, however, can be challenged by other residents who mobilize support from politicians, the media and courts. This in turn sparks new debates about who truly represents the neighborhood, creating new boundaries between residents.
机译：虽然城市发展中的参与进程旨在增加公民影响，但数十年的实验导致了混合结果。在本文中，我们回答了两个相关的问题：（1）如何在管理城市重建项目的协议中定义“公民利益”如何？ （2）何时 - 在什么条件下 - 公民是能够改变城市发展轨迹的？通过分析案件，通过“务实登记册”的概念，我们展示居民，开发商和公务员如何弯曲公民参与 - 与讲习班和公开会议的物质安排到合同和政策文件 - 以提供自己的目的。在城市规划中使用的组织和法律工具，我们争辩，有特权的企业家公民，他们积极，灵活，拥有谈判专业知识。参与进程（重新）产生道德类别，创业居民被视为福斯的“好”居民成为城市政策的重点。然而，这些类别可能受到从政治家，媒体和法院的支持的其他居民挑战。这反过来引起了关于谁真正代表邻居的新辩论，在居民之间创造了新的界限。

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