From the stone age to the present day, humankind has exhausted the Earth's natural reserves to build our civilisation. Resources are extracted, transformed into products, used until they break, and then discarded. We live in a world where 90 billion tonnes of materials are consumed every year, and this number is expected to more than double by 2050. The take-make-dispose model has made the sheer scale of natural resource extraction a cause for concern. Addressing this challenge is imperative, as only nine per cent of the resources put into the economy get reused.
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