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Analysis of bioenergy production at different levels of integration in energy-driven biorefineries

机译：能源驱动型生物炼油厂不同整合水平下的生物能源生产分析

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In this paper, a techno-economic and environmental assessment is performed to compare the stand-alone process and biorefinery ways to produce biodiesel, ethanol and butanol as potential cases for bioenergy production using fresh fruit bunches as raw material. Different levels of integration are considered (e.g., mass and energy integration, non-conventional technologies) along with the analysis of the process scale to determine the economic profitability and environmental impacts of the proposed cases. The results demonstrated that the biodiesel production based on the biorefinery concept has a positive effect on the profitability of the stand-alone process at different scales. The economic results were compared with data reported in the literature. Furthermore, the life cycle analysis of the proposed cases suggested that the deployment of the biorefinery concept at different levels of integration in the oil palm supply chain reduced the environmental impact of the biodiesel production, which was selected as the hotspot of the evaluated cases.
机译：在本文中，进行了一项技术经济和环境评估，以比较使用新鲜水果束作为原料生产生物柴油，乙醇和丁醇的单机工艺和生物精炼方法，作为生物能源生产的潜在案例。考虑了不同级别的集成（例如，质量和能源集成，非常规技术）以及对过程规模的分析，以确定拟议案例的经济盈利能力和环境影响。结果表明，基于生物精炼概念的生物柴油生产对独立规模的不同规模的利润产生积极影响。将经济结果与文献报道的数据进行了比较。此外，对拟议案例的生命周期分析表明，在油棕供应链中不同整合水平上部署生物精炼概念可减少生物柴油生产对环境的影响，这被选为评估案例的热点。

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