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Persistent pollutants emission abatement in waste-to-energy systems

机译：废物转化能源系统中持久的污染物排放减少

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The paper is focused on analyzing methods, which enable a substantial reduction of persistent organic pollutants (POP) emissions to meet the environmental limits. Technologies based on adsorption of harmful compounds using activated carbon, technologies DeNOx/DeDiox as well as technology of catalytic filtration using a special material REMEDIA D/F are considered and compared. The latter technology consists in using a bag-house with bags manufactured from a special material (two layers梞embrane from expanded PTFE and felt with bound in catalyst) called REMEDIA, which has successfully been used for the removal of PCDD/F during recent period. An optimum design is based on the computational support concerning the bag-house. It is illustrated through an industrial application of the municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator with capacity of 15 t/h (96.000 t/year) of waste treated which is operated as a waste-to-energy system. Based on the experience from operating this incineration plant it has been proved that even after more than 3 years operation the activity of filtration material was not decreased and efficiency of dioxins removal from flue gas ranges from 97 to 99%. These facts come from complex measurements where concentration of PCDD/F toxic congeners in both flue gas and separated flying ash was measured. We arrived at confirming expected assumptions that various congeners are not decomposed uniformly in the dioxin filter and the stage of their decomposition depends on their representation in the gas phase. It is strongly influenced by their molecular weight. Their results and experience contribute to further improving the system.
机译：本文着重于分析方法，这些方法能够大幅减少持久性有机污染物（POP）的排放，以符合环境要求。考虑并比较了基于活性炭吸附有害化合物的技术，DeNOx / DeDiox技术以及使用特殊材料REMEDIA D / F的催化过滤技术。后一种技术包括使用一个袋式除尘器，该袋式除尘器使用的袋由特殊材料制成（两层薄膜由膨胀的PTFE制成，并带有粘结在催化剂中的毡），称为REMEDIA，最近已成功用于去除PCDD / F。 。最佳设计基于与集尘室有关的计算支持。在城市固体废物（MSW）焚化炉的工业应用中得到了说明，该焚化炉的处理能力为15吨/小时（96.000吨/年），可作为废物转化为能源的系统。根据运行该焚烧厂的经验，已经证明，即使运行3年以上，过滤材料的活性也不会降低，二恶英从烟道气中去除的效率在97％至99％之间。这些事实来自复杂的测量，其中测量了烟气和分离的飞灰中PCDD / F毒性同类物的浓度。我们得出了预期的假设，即各种同族元素在二恶英过滤器中分解不均匀，其分解阶段取决于它们在气相中的表示。它们的分子量强烈影响它。他们的结果和经验有助于进一步完善该系统。

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