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Methods of metal release assessment in soil water at anoxic sites

机译：缺氧土壤中金属释放量的评估方法

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Metal mobility at contaminated sites can be assessed by soil water investigations or by leaching tests. Leaching tests are usually carried out in open contact with the atmosphere disregarding possible changes of redox conditions. This can affect the original metal speciation and distribution, particularly when anoxic samples are investigated. In this study, the applicability of common leaching tests (the German S4 test (S4), ammonium nitrate extraction (AmmN), and saturation soil extraction (SSE)) is tested for the assessment of zinc release from sulfide-bearing flotation residues of a former ore mine. Results are compared to soil solution samples obtained by centrifugation and suction cups. The influence of sample storage on S4 leaching test results is investigated in a long-term study to assess oxidation kinetics. Within the first 200 days the release of zinc increases with a slope of 0.1 mmol kg–1 d–1 or 6.0 mg kg–1 d–1, respectively. Since oxidation of the sulfide-bearing samples leads to a significant overestimation of metal release, a feasible modification for the conduction of leaching tests for anoxic material is proposed where oxidation is prevented efficiently. The modified SSE is found to be the only of the tested leaching procedures, which can be recommended for the assessment of current soil water concentrations at anoxic sites if direct investigation of the soil water is impossible due to technical reasons.
机译：可以通过土壤水调查或浸出试验来评估污染地点的金属迁移率。浸出测试通常在与大气无接触的情况下进行，而不考虑氧化还原条件的可能变化。这会影响原始金属的形态和分布，特别是在研究缺氧样品时。在这项研究中，对普通浸出试验（德国S4试验（S4），硝酸铵萃取（AmmN）和饱和土壤萃取（SSE））的适用性进行了评估，以评估锌从含硫浮选渣中的锌释放前矿山。将结果与通过离心和吸盘获得的土壤溶液样品进行比较。在一项长期研究中研究了样品存储对S4浸出测试结果的影响，以评估氧化动力学。在前200天内，锌的释放量分别以0.1 mmol kg-1 d-1或6.0 mg kg-1 d-1的斜率增加。由于含硫化物的样品的氧化导致金属释放的明显高估，因此提出了一种可行的改进方法，用于进行缺氧材料的浸出试验，从而有效地防止了氧化。发现改良的SSE是唯一经过测试的浸出程序，如果由于技术原因无法直接调查土壤水，建议将其推荐用于缺氧地点当前土壤水浓度的评估。

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