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首页> 外文期刊>Climate dynamics >Evaluation of tropical Pacific observing systems using NCEP and GFDL ocean data assimilation systems
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Evaluation of tropical Pacific observing systems using NCEP and GFDL ocean data assimilation systems

机译：使用NCEP和GFDL海洋数据同化系统评估热带太平洋观测系统

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The TAO/TRITON array is the cornerstone of the tropical Pacific and ENSO observing system. Motivated by the recent rapid decline of the TAO/TRITON array, the potential utility of TAO/TRITON was assessed for ENSO monitoring and prediction. The analysis focused on the period when observations from Argo floats were also available. We coordinated observing system experiments (OSEs) using the global ocean data assimilation system (GODAS) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the ensemble coupled data assimilation (ECDA) from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory for the period 2004-2011. Four OSE simulations were conducted with inclusion of different subsets of in situ profiles: all profiles (XBT, moorings, Argo), all except the moorings, all except the Argo and no profiles. For evaluation of the OSE simulations, we examined the mean bias, standard deviation difference, root-mean-square difference (RMSD) and anomaly correlation against observations and objective analyses. Without assimilation of in situ observations, both GODAS and ECDA had large mean biases and RMSD in all variables. Assimilation of all in situ data significantly reduced mean biases and RMSD in all variables except zonal current at the equator. For GODAS, the mooring data is critical in constraining temperature in the eastern and northwestern tropical Pacific, while for ECDA both the mooring and Argo data is needed in constraining temperature in the western tropical Pacific. The Argo data is critical in constraining temperature in off-equatorial regions for both GODAS and ECDA. For constraining salinity, sea surface height and surface current analysis, the influence of Argo data was more pronounced. In addition, the salinity data from the TRITON buoys played an important role in constraining salinity in the western Pacific. GODAS was more sensitive to withholding Argo data in off-equatorial regions than ECDA because it relied on local observations to correct model biases and there were few XBT profiles in those regions. The results suggest that multiple ocean data assimilation systems should be used to assess sensitivity of ocean analyses to changes in the distribution of ocean observations to get more robust results that can guide the design of future tropical Pacific observing systems.
机译：TAO / TRITON阵列是热带太平洋和ENSO观测系统的基石。由于最近TAO / TRITON阵列的快速下降，人们对TAO / TRITON的潜在效用进行了评估，以用于ENSO监测和预测。分析的重点是从Argo浮标获得观测资料的时期。我们使用国家环境预测中心的全球海洋数据同化系统（GODAS）和地球物理流体动力学实验室的集成耦合数据同化（ECDA）协调了2004-2011年的观测系统实验（OSE）。进行了四个OSE模拟，包括了不同的原位剖面子集：所有剖面（XBT，系泊缆，Argo），除系泊缆之外的所有剖面，除Argo以外的所有剖面和无剖面。为了评估OSE仿真，我们检查了平均偏差，标准差，均方根差（RMSD）以及与观测值和客观分析之间的异常相关性。在不吸收原位观测值的情况下，GODAS和ECDA在所有变量中均具有较大的平均偏差和RMSD。对所有原位数据的同化显着降低了除赤道纬向电流以外的所有变量的平均偏差和RMSD。对于GODAS，系泊数据对于限制东部和西北热带太平洋的温度至关重要，而对于ECDA，对于系泊西部热带太平洋的温度，都需要系泊和Argo数据。 Argo数据对于限制GODAS和ECDA在赤道外区域的温度至关重要。为了限制盐度，海面高度和地表水流分析，Argo数据的影响更为明显。此外，来自TRITON浮标的盐度数据在限制西太平洋的盐度方面也发挥了重要作用。与ECDA相比，GODAS对在赤道外地区保留Argo数据更为敏感，因为它依靠本地观测来纠正模型偏差，并且这些地区的XBT概况很少。结果表明，应使用多个海洋数据同化系统来评估海洋分析对海洋观测分布变化的敏感性，以获得更可靠的结果，从而可以指导未来热带太平洋观测系统的设计。

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