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Tropical cyclone activity in nested regional and global grid-refined simulations

机译：嵌套区域和全球网格精细模拟中的热带气旋活动

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摘要

The capacity of two different grid refinement methods-two-way limited area nesting and variable-mesh refinement-to capture Northwest Pacific Tropical Cyclone (TC) activity is compared in a suite of single-year continuous simulations. Simulations are conducted with and without regional grid refinement from approximately 100-20 km grid spacing over the Northwest Pacific. The capacity to capture smooth transitions between the two resolutions varies by grid refinement method. Nesting shows adverse influence of the nest boundary, with the boundary evident in seasonal average cloud patterns and precipitation, and contortions of the seasonal mean mid-latitude jet. Variable-mesh, on the other hand, reduces many of these effects and produced smoother cloud patterns and mid-latitude jet structure. Both refinement methods lead to increased TC frequency in the region of refinement compared to simulations without grid refinement, although nesting adversely affects TC tracks through the contorted mid-latitude jet. The variable-mesh approach leads to enhanced TC activity over the Southern Indian and Southwest Pacific basins, compared to a uniform mesh simulation. Nesting, on the other hand, does not appear to influence basins outside the region of grid refinement. This study provides evidence that variable mesh may bring benefits to seasonal TC simulation over traditional nesting, and demonstrates capacity of variable mesh refinement for regional climate simulation.
机译：在一套为期一年的连续模拟中，比较了两种不同的网格细化方法（双向有限区域嵌套和可变网格细化）捕获西北太平洋热带气旋（TC）活动的能力。在西北太平洋大约100-20 km的网格间距下进行有或没有区域网格细化的模拟。捕获两种分辨率之间平滑过渡的能力因网格细化方法而异。筑巢显示出巢边界的不利影响，该边界明显体现在季节性平均云型和降水以及季节性平均中纬度急流的扭曲上。另一方面，可变网格减少了许多这样的影响，并产生了更平滑的云模式和中纬度喷气流结构。与没有网格细化的模拟相比，这两种细化方法都会导致细化区域中TC频率的增加，尽管嵌套会对扭曲的中纬度射流的TC轨迹产生不利影响。与统一网格模拟相比，可变网格方法导致印度南部和西南太平洋盆地的TC活动增强。另一方面，嵌套似乎不会影响网格细化区域之外的盆地。这项研究提供的证据表明，可变网格可能比传统的嵌套方法更有利于季节性TC模拟，并证明了可变网格细化对区域气候模拟的能力。

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