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The ocean's role in setting the mean position of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone

机译：海洋在设定热带收敛带平均位置中的作用

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摘要

Through study of observations and coupled climate simulations, it is argued that the mean position of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) north of the equator is a consequence of a northwards heat transport across the equator by ocean circulation. Observations suggest that the hemispheric net radiative forcing of climate at the top of the atmosphere is almost perfectly symmetric about the equator, and so the total (atmosphere plus ocean) heat transport across the equator is small (order 0.2 PW northwards). Due to the Atlantic ocean's meridional overturning circulation, however, the ocean carries significantly more heat northwards across the equator (order 0.4 PW) than does the coupled system. There are two primary consequences. First, atmospheric heat transport is southwards across the equator to compensate (0.2 PW southwards), resulting in the ITCZ being displaced north of the equator. Second, the atmosphere, and indeed the ocean, is slightly wanner (by perhaps 2 ℃) in the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere. This leads to the northern hemisphere emitting slightly more outgoing longwave radiation than the southern hemisphere by virtue of its relative warmth, supporting the small northward heat transport by the coupled system across the equator. To conclude, the coupled nature of the problem is illustrated through study of atmosphere-ocean-ice simulations in the idealized setting of an aquaplanet, resolving the key processes at work.
机译：通过对观测资料的研究和耦合的气候模拟，人们认为，热带赤道以北的平均位置是赤道以北通过海洋环流向北传播的结果。观测表明，大气层顶部的半球气候的净辐射强迫几乎完全关于赤道对称，因此整个赤道的总（大气加海洋）热传递很小（向北0.2 PW）。但是，由于大西洋的子午翻转循环，与耦合系统相比，整个赤道以北向北输送的热量（0.4 PW级）要多得多。有两个主要结果。首先，大气热传输通过赤道向南以补偿（向南0.2 PW），导致ITCZ移到赤道以北。其次，与南半球相比，北半球的大气乃至海洋略微下降了（大约2℃）。由于相对温暖，这导致北半球比南半球发射出更多的长波辐射，这支持了耦合系统跨赤道向北的少量热传输。总而言之，该问题的耦合性质通过在理想化的水上飞机环境中研究大气-海洋冰层模拟来说明，解决了工作中的关键过程。

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  • 来源
    《Climate dynamics》 |2014年第8期|1967-1979|共13页
  • 作者

    J. Marshall; A. Donohoe; D. Ferreira; D. McGee;

  • 作者单位

    EAPS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts. Av., Cambridge, MA, USA;

    EAPS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts. Av., Cambridge, MA, USA;

    EAPS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts. Av., Cambridge, MA, USA;

    EAPS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts. Av., Cambridge, MA, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Ocean; Heat transport; ITCZ; Energy balance;

    机译：海洋;热传输;ITCZ;能量平衡;

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