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The role of shallow convection in the water and energy cycles of the atmosphere

机译：浅层对流在大气水和能量循环中的作用

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The Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM4) is used to study the role of shallow convection in the hydrologic and energy cycles of the atmosphere. Sensitivity tests with AGCM4 show a marked effect of the parameterization of shallow convection in the model. In particular, including the parameterization of shallow convection produces considerably enhanced vertical mixing and decreased stratiform cloud amounts in the lower subtropical atmosphere over the oceans. The differences in simulated stratiform cloud amounts are associated with a change in the globally averaged outgoing shortwave radiative flux at the top of the atmosphere of about 11 W m~(-2). Additionally, precipitation rates are considerably reduced for stratiform clouds and enhanced for convective clouds in the sub-tropics, if the parameterization of shallow convection is included in the model. Additional tests show that the simulated responses in cloud amounts and precipitation to the treatment of shallow convection are robust. Additional simulations with modified closures for deep convection and other changes to the treatment of convection in the model still lead to similar responses of the model results.
机译：加拿大气候建模与分析中心大气总循环模型（AGCM4）用于研究浅层对流在大气水文和能量循环中的作用。用AGCM4进行的敏感性测试显示了模型中浅对流参数化的显着效果。特别是，包括对流的参数化在内，在整个海洋的较低的亚热带大气中，垂直混合明显增强，层状云量减少。模拟的层状云量的差异与大气层顶部的全球平均外向短波辐射通量的变化有关，约为11 W m〜（-2）。此外，如果在模型中包括浅对流参数化，则亚热带层状云的降水速率将大大降低，而对流云的降水速率将提高。其他测试表明，模拟的云量和降水对浅对流处理的响应是可靠的。对于深对流以及模型中对流处理的其他更改，使用修改后的闭合进行的其他模拟仍会导致模型结果具有相似的响应。

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