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Climate-smart agriculture: perspectives and framings

机译：气候智能型农业：观点和框架

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This paper offers a systematic analysis of the concepts and contexts that frame the climate-smart agriculture (CSA) discourse in the academic and policy literature. Documents (n=113) related to CSA and published in peer-reviewed journals, books, working papers, and scientific reports from 2004 to 2016 were reviewed. Three key trends emerged from the analysis: studies are biased towards global policy agendas; research focuses on scientific and technical issues; and the integration of mitigation, adaptation, and food security (the three pillars of CSA) is becoming a popular scholarly solution. Findings suggest that CSA is a fairly new concept used to describe a range of adaptation and mitigation practices without a specific set of criteria. Although CSA is often framed around the three pillars, the underlying issues constructing the discourse differ at global, developing, and developed country scales. Although there is increasing research on developing countries, particularly in relation to how CSA can transform smallholder agriculture, there is a paucity of research documenting the experiences from developed countries. The findings suggest that research on CSA needs to move beyond solely focussing on scientific approaches and only in certain geographical contexts. If CSA is to be applicable for farmers across the globe, then cross-disciplinary research that is underpinned by broad socio-economic and political contexts is essential to understand how differences in narratives might affect implementation on-the-ground in both developing and developed countries.POLICY RELEVANCEAlthough policy makers are increasingly supportive of the climate-smart agriculture (CSA) approach, the rhetoric has largely been developed on the basis of scientific and technical arguments. The political implications of varying perspectives have resulted in a growing divide between how developing and developed countries frame solutions to the impacts of climate change on agriculture under the 2015 Paris Agreement. Different framings are part of the explanation for why the scope of CSA is being rethought, with the scientific community redirecting attention to seeking a separate work programme under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The current policy framing of CSA will give no new policy direction unless it grounds itself in the smallholder farmer and civil society contexts.
机译：本文对学术和政策文献中构成气候智能农业（CSA）论述的概念和环境进行了系统的分析。审查了2004年至2016年与CSA相关并发表在同行评审的期刊，书籍，工作论文和科学报告中的文档（n = 113）。分析得出了三个主要趋势：研究偏向全球政策议程；研究重点是科学技术问题；缓解，适应和粮食安全（CSA的三大支柱）的整合正在成为一种流行的学术解决方案。研究结果表明，CSA是一个相当新的概念，用于描述一系列适应和缓解实践，而没有一套特定的标准。尽管CSA通常围绕三个支柱展开，但构成该论述的基本问题在全球，发展中国家和发达国家范围都不同。尽管对发展中国家的研究越来越多，特别是关于CSA如何转变小农农业的研究，但很少有文献记录发达国家的经验。研究结果表明，对CSA的研究不仅需要侧重于科学方法，而且还需要在某些地理环境中发展。如果要使CSA适用于全球农民，则以广泛的社会经济和政治背景为基础的跨学科研究对于理解叙述中的差异如何影响发展中国家和发达国家的实地实施至关重要。政策相关性尽管政策制定者越来越支持气候智能农业（CSA）的方法，但这种措辞在很大程度上是基于科学和技术论证而发展起来的。不同观点的政治含义导致发展中国家和发达国家如何根据2015年《巴黎协定》制定解决气候变化对农业影响的解决方案之间的分歧越来越大。对于为什么要重新考虑CSA的范围，科学界将注意力重新转向根据《联合国气候变化框架公约》（UNFCCC）寻求单独的工作计划，这是不同框架的解释。除非它以小农户和民间社会为背景，否则CSA当前的政策框架不会给出新的政策方向。

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