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Regional patterns of U.S. household carbon emissions

机译：美国家庭碳排放的区域格局

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Market-based policies to address fossil fuel-related externalities including climate change typically operate by raising the price of those fuels. Increases in energy prices have important consequences for a typical U.S. household that spent almost $4,000 per year on electricity, fuel oil, natural gas, and gasoline in 2005. A key question for policymakers is how these consequences vary over different regions and subpopulations across the country—especially as adjustment and compensation programs are designed to protect more vulnerable regions. To answer this question, we use non-publicly available data from the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey over the period 1984–2000 to estimate long-run geographic variation in household use of electricity, fuel oil, natural gas, and gasoline, as well as the associated incidence of a $4,000 per year on electricity, fuel oil, natural gas, and gasoline in 2005. A key question for policymakers is how these consequences vary over different regions and subpopulations across the country—especially as adjustment and compensation programs are designed to protect more vulnerable regions. To answer this question, we use non-publicly available data from the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey over the period 1984–2000 to estimate long-run geographic variation in household use of electricity, fuel oil, natural gas, and gasoline, as well as the associated incidence of a 10 per ton tax on carbon dioxide (ignoring behavioral response). We find substantial variation: incidence from the tax range from $97 dollars per year per household in New York County, New York to $97 dollars per year per household in New York County, New York to 235 per year per household in Tensas Parish, Louisiana. This variation can be explained by differences in energy use, carbon intensity of electricity generation, and electricity regulation.
机译：解决包括气候变化在内的与化石燃料相关的外部因素的基于市场的政策通常通过提高这些燃料的价格来发挥作用。能源价格上涨对一个典型的美国家庭产生了重要影响，该家庭在2005年每年在电力，燃料油，天然气和汽油上花费近4,000美元。决策者面临的一个关键问题是，这些影响在全国不同地区和亚人群中如何变化尤其是调整和补偿计划旨在保护更脆弱的地区。为了回答这个问题，我们使用了1984-2000年期间美国消费者支出调查的非公开数据，以估算家庭在用电，燃料油，天然气和汽油以及与2005年每年$ 4,000的电力，燃料油，天然气和汽油相关的发生率。政策制定者面临的一个关键问题是，这些后果在全国不同地区和人口中的变化如何—尤其是在制定调整和补偿计划时，更脆弱的地区。为了回答这个问题，我们使用了1984-2000年期间美国消费者支出调查的非公开数据，以估算家庭在用电，燃料油，天然气和汽油以及每吨二氧化碳征收10税的相关发生率（忽略行为反应）。我们发现差异很大：税收范围从纽约州纽约县的每户每年97美元到纽约州纽约县的每户每年97美元到路易斯安那州Tensas Parish的每户每年235美元。这种变化可以通过能源使用，发电碳强度和电力调节的差异来解释。

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