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The Role of Words and Sounds in Infants' Visual Processing: From Overshadowing to Attentional Tuning

机译:言语和声音在婴儿视觉处理中的作用:从遮盖到注意调整

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摘要

Although it is well documented that language plays an important role in cognitive development, there are different views concerning the mechanisms underlying these effects. Some argue that even early in development, effects of words stem from top-down knowledge, whereas others argue that these effects stem from auditory input affecting attention allocated to visual input. Previous research (e.g., Robinson & Sloutsky, 2004a) demonstrated that non-speech sounds attenuate processing of corresponding visual input at 8, 12, and 16 months of age, whereas the current study demonstrates that words attenuate visual processing at 10 months but not at 16 months (Experiment 1). Furthermore, prefamiliarization with non-speech sounds (Experiment 2) resulted in able processing of visual input by 16-month-olds. These findings suggest that some effects of labels found early in development may stem from familiarity with human speech. The possibility of general-auditory factors underlying the effects of words on cognitive development is discussed.
机译:尽管有充分的文献证明语言在认知发展中起着重要的作用,但是对于这些作用的潜在机制有不同的看法。有些人认为,甚至在发展的早期,单词的影响就源于自上而下的知识,而另一些人则认为,这些影响源于听觉输入,从而影响分配给视觉输入的注意力。先前的研究(例如,Robinson&Sloutsky,2004a)表明,非语音声音会减弱8、12和16个月大时相应视觉输入的处理,而当前的研究表明,单词会减弱10个月时相应的视觉输入,但不会减弱16个月(实验1)。此外,对非语音声音的熟悉程度(实验2)可以对16个月大的婴儿进行视觉输入处理。这些发现表明,在发育早期发现的标签的某些作用可能源于对人类语音的熟悉。讨论了单词对认知发展的潜在潜在的一般听觉因素的可能性。

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