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Cross-Cultural Differences in Categorical Memory Errors

机译：分类记忆错误的跨文化差异

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AbstractCultural differences occur in the use of categories to aid accurate recall of information. This study investigated whether culture also contributed to false (erroneous) memories, and extended cross-cultural memory research to Turkish culture, which is shaped by Eastern and Western influences. Americans and Turks viewed word pairs, half of which were categorically related and half unrelated. Participants then attempted to recall the second word from the pair in response to the first word cue. Responses were coded as correct, as blanks, or as different types of errors. Americans committed more categorical errors than did Turks, and Turks mistakenly recalled more non-categorically related list words than did Americans. These results support the idea that Americans use categories either to organize information in memory or to support retrieval strategies to a greater extent than Turks and suggest that culture shapes not only accurate recall but also erroneous distortions of memory.
机译：摘要在使用类别来帮助准确回忆信息方面会出现文化差异。这项研究调查了文化是否也造成了虚假（错误）记忆，并将跨文化记忆研究扩展到受东方和西方影响的土耳其文化。美国人和土耳其人看过单词对，其中一半是分类相关的，另一半是无关的。然后，参与者尝试响应第一个单词提示从该对中恢复第二个单词。响应被编码为正确，空白或不同类型的错误。与土耳其人相比，美国人犯下了更多的分类错误，而土耳其人错误地回忆起与美国人相比更多的与类别无关的词。这些结果支持这样一种观点，即美国人使用类别来组织记忆中的信息，或者比特克斯更大程度地支持检索策略，并表明文化不仅会影响准确的记忆力，还会影响记忆的错误变形。

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