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The Effect of Sonority on Word Segmentation: Evidence for the Use of a Phonological Universal

机译：声音对分词的影响：使用语音普遍性的证据

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摘要

It has been well documented how language-specific cues may be used for word segmentation. Here, we investigate what role a language-independent phonological universal, the sonority sequencing principle (SSP), may also play. Participants were presented with an unsegmented speech stream with non-English word onsets that juxtaposed adherence to the SSP with transitional probabilities. Participants favored using the SSP in assessing word-hood, suggesting that the SSP represents a potentially powerful cue for word segmentation. To ensure the SSP influenced the segmentation process (i.e., during learning), we presented two additional groups of participants with either (a) no exposure to the stimuli prior to testing or (b) the same stimuli with pauses marking word breaks. The SSP did not influence test performance in either case, suggesting that the SSP is important for word segmentation during the learning process itself. Moreover, the fact that SSP-independent segmentation of the stimulus occurred (in the latter control condition) suggests that universals are best understood as biases rather than immutable constraints on learning.
机译：已经有充分的文档证明了如何将特定于语言的提示用于分词。在这里，我们研究了与语言无关的语音通用性，即声音顺序原则（SSP）也可能扮演的角色。向参与者展示了具有非英语单词发作的无节段的语音流，该语音流将对SSP的依从性与过渡概率并列。参与者倾向于使用SSP来评估单词罩，这表明SSP代表了潜在的强有力的词段分割提示。为了确保SSP影响细分过程（即在学习过程中），我们提出了另外两组参与者，或者是（a）测试前没有暴露于刺激物，或者（b）相同的刺激物带有暂停以标记单词中断。在任何一种情况下，SSP都不会影响测试性能，这表明SSP对于学习过程本身中的分词很重要。此外，（在后一种控制条件下）发生了不依赖SSP的刺激分割，这一事实表明，最好将普遍理解为偏见而非对学习的不变约束。

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