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Individual and Contextual Correlates of Trust in Media Across 44 Countries

机译：跨44个国家/地区的媒体信任的个人和上下文相关性

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Media research demonstrates that audience trust in the news media is a highly consequential factor, shaping audience selection of and response to media, and potentially impacting citizens' perceptions of the political system at large. Still, our knowledge about the correlates of trust in media is limited. Only a few studies have utilized a correlational design to explore the associations between trust in media and other factors, and almost all of these studies originate in the U.S. context. The current investigation utilizes data from 44 diverse countries (n = 57,847), collected as part of the World Values Survey, to broaden our understanding of trust in media. The aim is two-fold-to learn about individual-level correlates across contexts and to demonstrate that macro-level factors play a part in shaping such trust. Our findings indicate that levels of political interest, interpersonal trust, and exposure to television news and newspapers are positively correlated with trust in media, while education and exposure to news on the Internet are negatively associated. On the macro level, postmaterialism emerged as a consistent predictor of trust in media. State ownership of the media industry did not have a main effect on trust in media after controlling for other factors. However, an interaction was found between state ownership and level of democracy: state ownership of television is positively associated with media trust in democratic societies and negatively associated with trust in media in nondemocratic societies.
机译：媒体研究表明，观众对新闻媒体的信任是一个非常重要的因素，它影响着观众对媒体的选择和反应，并有可能影响公民对整个政治制度的看法。但是，我们对媒体信任关系的了解仍然有限。仅有少数研究利用相关设计来​​探索对媒体的信任与其他因素之间的关联，并且几乎所有这些研究都起源于美国。当前的调查利用了来自世界价值调查的一部分来自44个不同国家（n = 57,847）的数据，以加深我们对媒体信任的理解。目的是两方面的，以了解跨上下文的个人级别的关联，并证明宏观级别的因素在建立这种信任中起作用。我们的研究结果表明，政治兴趣，人际信任以及对电视新闻和报纸的接触程度与对媒体的信任度呈正相关，而对教育和对互联网新闻的接触则呈负相关。在宏观层面上，后唯物主义成为对媒体信任的一致预测指标。在控制了其他因素之后，媒体行业的国家所有权对媒体信任没有主要影响。但是，在国家所有权和民主水平之间发现了一种相互作用：电视的国家所有权与民主社会中的媒体信任成正相关，而与非民主社会中的媒体信任成负相关。

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