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Multi-Relay Communications in the Presence of Phase Noise and Carrier Frequency Offsets

机译：存在相位噪声和载波频率偏移时的多中继通信

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摘要

Impairments such as time varying phase noise (PHN) and carrier frequency offset (CFO) result in loss of synchronization and poor performance of multi-relay communication systems. Joint estimation of these impairments is necessary in order to correctly decode the received signal at the destination. In this paper, we address spectrally efficient multi-relay transmission scenarios where all the relays simultaneously communicate with the destination. We propose an iterative pilot-aided algorithm based on the expectation conditional maximization for joint estimation of multipath channels, Wiener PHNs, and CFOs in decode-and-forward-based multi-relay orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. Next, a new expression of the hybrid Cramér-Rao lower bound (HCRB) for the multi-parameter estimation problem is derived. Finally, an iterative receiver based on an extended Kalman filter for joint data detection and PHN tracking is employed. Numerical results show that the proposed estimator outperforms existing algorithms and its mean square error performance is close to the derived HCRB at different signal-to-noise ratios for different PHN variances. In addition, the combined estimation algorithm and the iterative receiver can significantly improve average bit-error rate (BER) performance compared with existing algorithms. In addition, the BER performance of the proposed system is close to the ideal case of perfect channel impulse responses, PHNs, and CFOs estimation.
机译：诸如时变相位噪声（PHN）和载波频率偏移（CFO）之类的损害会导致同步丢失以及多中继通信系统的性能下降。为了正确解码目的地的接收信号，有必要对这些损伤进行联合估计。在本文中，我们解决了频谱高效的多中继传输方案，其中所有中继都同时与目的地进行通信。针对基于解码转发的多中继正交频分复用系统中的多径信道，Wiener PHN和CFO的联合估计，我们提出了一种基于期望条件最大化的迭代导频辅助算法。接下来，得出了针对多参数估计问题的混合Cramér-Rao下界（HCRB）的新表达式。最后，采用基于扩展卡尔曼滤波器的迭代接收器进行联合数据检测和PHN跟踪。数值结果表明，在不同PHN方差下，在不同信噪比的情况下，所提出的估计器性能优于现有算法，其均方差性能接近于导出的HCRB。另外，与现有算法相比，组合估计算法和迭代接收器可以显着提高平均误码率（BER）性能。另外，所提出系统的BER性能接近于理想信道脉冲响应，PHN和CFO估计的理想情况。

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