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A Hybrid Energy Sharing Framework for Green Cellular Networks

机译：绿色蜂窝网络的混合能量共享框架

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摘要

Cellular operators are increasingly turning toward renewable energy (RE) as an alternative to using traditional electricity in order to reduce operational expenditure and carbon footprint. Due to the randomness in both RE generation and mobile traffic at each base station (BS), a surplus or shortfall of energy may occur at any given time. To increase energy self-reliance and minimize the network’s energy cost, the operator needs to efficiently exploit the RE generated across all BSs. In this paper, a hybrid energy sharing framework for cellular network is proposed, where a combination of physical power lines and energy trading with other BSs using smart grid is used. Algorithms for physical power lines deployment between BSs, based on average and complete statistics of the net RE available, are developed. Afterward, an energy management framework is formulated to optimally determine the quantities of electricity and RE to be procured and exchanged among BSs, respectively, while considering battery capacities and real-time energy pricing. Three cases are investigated, where RE generation is unknown, perfectly known, and partially known ahead of time. Results investigate the time varying energy management of BSs and demonstrate considerable reduction in average energy cost thanks to the hybrid energy sharing scheme.
机译：蜂窝运营商越来越多地转向可再生能源（RE），以代替使用传统电力，以减少运营支出和碳足迹。由于每个基站（BS）的RE生成和移动业务的随机性，可能会在任何给定时间发生能量过剩或短缺。为了增加能源的自立性并最大程度地降低网络的能源成本，运营商需要有效利用所有BS产生的RE。在本文中，提出了一种用于蜂窝网络的混合能量共享框架，其中结合了物理电力线和使用智能电网与其他基站的能量交易。开发了基于可用净RE的平均值和完整统计信息在BS之间进行物理电力线部署的算法。之后，制定了一个能源管理框架，以最佳方式分别确定要在基站之间采购和交换的电量和可再生能源，同时考虑电池容量和实时能源定价。研究了三种情况，其中RE生成是未知的，完全已知的以及部分提前知道的。结果调查了基站的时变能量管理，并显示出由于混合能量共享方案而显着降低了平均能量成本。

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