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Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks with Energy Harvesting

机译：具有能量收集功能的无线传感器网络的媒体访问控制协议

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摘要

The design of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been conventionally tackled by assuming battery-powered devices and by adopting the network lifetime as the main performance criterion. While WSNs operated by energy-harvesting (EH) devices are not limited by network lifetime, they pose new design challenges due to the uncertain amount of energy that can be harvested from the environment. Novel design criteria are thus required to capture the trade-offs between the potentially infinite network lifetime and the uncertain energy availability. This paper addresses the analysis and design of WSNs with EH devices by focusing on conventional MAC protocols, namely TDMA, framed-ALOHA (FA) and dynamic-FA (DFA), and by accounting for the performance trade-offs and design issues arising due to EH. A novel metric, referred to as delivery probability, is introduced to measure the capability of a MAC protocol to deliver the measurement of any sensor in the network to the intended destination (or fusion center, FC). The interplay between delivery efficiency and time efficiency (i.e., the data collection rate at the FC), is investigated analytically using Markov models. Numerical results validate the analysis and emphasize the critical importance of accounting for both delivery probability and time efficiency in the design of EH-WSNs.
机译：传统上，通过采用电池供电的设备并采用网络寿命作为主要性能标准来解决无线传感器网络（WSN）的媒体访问控制（MAC）协议的设计问题。尽管由能量收集（EH）设备操作的WSN不受网络寿命的限制，但由于可以从环境中收集的能量不确定，因此它们带来了新的设计挑战。因此，需要新颖的设计标准来捕获潜在的无限网络寿命和不确定的能源可用性之间的折衷。本文通过重点关注传统的MAC协议（即TDMA，帧式ALOHA（FA）和动态FA（DFA））并考虑了性能折衷和设计问题而解决了采用EH设备的WSN的分析和设计。到EH。引入了一种新的度量标准，称为传递概率，以测量MAC协议将网络中任何传感器的测量结果传递到目标目的地（或融合中心，FC）的能力。使用Markov模型以解析方式研究了交付效率和时间效率（即FC处的数据收集率）之间的相互影响。数值结果验证了分析结果，并强调了在EH-WSNs设计中考虑交付概率和时间效率的至关重要性。

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