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Improvement of high-availability seamless redundancy (HSR) traffic performance for smart grid communications

机译：改善智能电网通信的高可用性无缝冗余（HSR）流量性能

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摘要

High-availability seamless redundancy (HSR) is a redundancy protocol for Ethernet networks that provides two frame copies for each frame sent. Each copy will pass through separate physical paths, pursuing zero fault recovery time. This means that even in the case of a node or a link failure, there is no stoppage of network operations whatsoever. HSR is a potential candidate for the communications of a smart grid, but its main drawback is the unnecessary traffic created due to the duplicated copies of each sent frame, which are generated and circulated inside the network. This downside will degrade network performance and might cause network congestion or even stoppage. In this paper, wepresent two approaches to solve the above-mentioned problem. The first approach is called quick removing (QR), and is suited to ring or connected ring topologies. The idea is to remove the duplicated frame copies from the network when all the nodes have received one copy of the sent frame and begin to receive the second copy. Therefore, the forwarding of those frame copies until they reach the source node, as occurs in standard HSR, is not needed in QR. Our example shows a traffic reduction of 37.5% compared to the standard HSR protocol. The second approach is called the virtual ring (VRing), which divides any closed-loop HSR network into several VRings. Each VRing will circulate the traffic of a corresponding group of nodes within it. Therefore, the traffic in that group will not affect any of the other network links or nodes, which results in an enhancement of traffic performance. For our sample network, the VRing approach shows a network traffic reduction in the range of 67.7 to 48.4% in a healthy network case and 89.7 to 44.8% in a faulty network case, compared to standard HSR.
机译：高可用性无缝冗余（HSR）是以太网的冗余协议，它为每个发送的帧提供两个帧副本。每个副本将通过单独的物理路径，以实现零故障恢复时间。这意味着即使在节点或链接故障的情况下，也不会停止任何网络操作。 HSR是智能电网通信的潜在候选者，但是它的主要缺点是由于每个发送帧的重复副本所产生的不必要流量，这些副本是在网络内部生成和循环的。此缺点将降低网络性能，并可能导致网络拥塞甚至停止。本文提出了两种解决上述问题的方法。第一种方法称为快速删除（QR），适用于环形或连接环形拓扑。这个想法是当所有节点都已收到发送帧的一个副本并开始接收第二个副本时，从网络中删除重复的帧副本。因此，在QR中不需要像标准HSR中那样转发那些帧副本，直到它们到达源节点为止。我们的示例显示，与标准HSR协议相比，流量减少了37.5％。第二种方法称为虚拟环（VRing），它将任何闭环HSR网络划分为多个VRing。每个VRing将在其中循环相应节点组的流量。因此，该组中的流量将不会影响任何其他网络链接或节点，从而导致流量性能的提高。对于我们的示例网络，与标准HSR相比，VRing方法显示在正常网络情况下网络流量减少了67.7％至48.4％，在故障网络情况下减少了89.7％至44.8％。

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