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A dissection and enhancement technique for combined damage characterisation in composite laminates using laser-line scanning thermography

机译：应用激光线扫描热成像对复合层压板组合损伤表征的解剖和增强技术

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摘要

Impact induced combined damage in composite laminates attracts great attention due to its significant degradation of the structural integrity. However, the provision of the quantitative analysis of each damage portion is challenging due to its bare visibility and structural mixture complexity, so-called barely visible impact damage (BVID), which is referred to as inter-laminar delamination, and is inherently coupled with in-plane transverse and matrix damage also known as combined damage. Instead of focusing on one type of damage in most of the existing studies, this paper proposes a decomposition and targeted enhancement technique based on Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) for such coupled BVID in composite laminates using laser-line scanning thermography. Firstly, a combined damage model composed of in-plane damage and inter-laminar delamination is established by finite element numerical modelling to predict the thermal response pattern in the laser scanning thermography. Then, a feature separation and targeted enhancement strategy based on SWT in the frequency domain is proposed to improve the contrast of the matrix crack and delamination in combined damage scenarios induced by low-velocity rigid impact via drop-tower tests, meanwhile eliminating noise and suppressing the laser pattern background. The enhanced images of in-plane damage and delamination are furtherly processed by Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) method and confidence map algorithms to calibrate the damage profile. The proposed technique is validated through inspecting a group of unidirectional carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composite samples, impacted by a variety of energy levels, in fibre-parallel (0 degrees), 45 degrees and orthogonal scanning modes. The results demonstrate that the proposed technique can pertinently isolate, enhance and characterise the inspected in-plane crack and inter-laminates delamination in a flexible manner. The proposed methodology paves the way towards automated infrared thermography data analysis for quantitative dissection of actual combined damage in composite laminates.
机译：由于其显着降解了结构完整性，影响诱导诱导的复合层压材料的损伤引起了极大的关注。然而，由于其裸露的可视性和结构混合物复杂性，所谓的几乎可见的抗损伤（BVID）被称为层间分层，因此提供了对每个损伤部分的定量分析是具有挑战性的。面内横向和基质损伤也称为组合损伤。本文提出了使用激光线扫描热成像中基于固定小波变换（SWT）的固定小波变换（SWT）的分解和靶向增强技术。使用激光线扫描热成像，提出了一种基于固定小波变换（SWT）的分解和靶向增强技术。首先，通过有限元数值模型建立由平面内损坏和层间分层组成的组合损伤模型，以预测激光扫描热成像中的热响应图案。然后，提出了一种基于频域SWT的特征分离和目标增强策略，以通过滴塔测试通过滴塔测试的低速刚性冲击诱导的组合损伤情景中的矩阵裂纹和分层的对比度。同时消除噪音和抑制激光图案背景。通过随机样本共识（RANSAC）方法（RANSAC）方法和置信地图算法进一步处理平面内损伤和分层的增强图像以校准损坏轮廓。通过检查一组单向碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料复合样品，在光纤（0度），45度和正交扫描模式中，通过检查一组单向碳纤维增强聚合物复合样品进行验证。结果表明，该技术可以不稳定地分离，增强和表征被柔性的方式被检查的面内裂纹和层压层分层。该提出的方法铺平了朝向自动红外热成像数据分析的方式，以进行复合层压板实际损伤的定量解剖。

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