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Atomization of cellulose nanocrystals aqueous suspensions in fused deposition modeling: A scalable technique to improve the strength of 3D printed polymers

机译：熔融沉积建模中纤维素纳米晶体水性悬浮液的雾化：可扩展技术，可提高3D打印聚合物的强度

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摘要

3D printed polymer parts remain too low in mechanical performance that inhibits their industrial applications. We introduce a novel and scalable technique to enhance the strength of 3D printed polymer parts. We incorporate cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) between adjacent layers of polymer with the aid of an atomization process integrated within a fused deposition modeling printer to spray aqueous suspensions of CNC during the printing process. CNCs act as nano-stitches between the polymer layers and thus improve the interlayer adhesion and ultimate strength of the printed parts. We show that spraying aqueous suspension of CNC with 0.5-1 wt% concentrations increase the interlayer strength of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) parts by 44%, tensile strength by 33%, tensile modulus by 20% and the toughness by 33% in both longitudinal and transverse directions. Increasing CNC concentration above 1 wt%, however, results in CNC agglomerates between layers, which negatively affects the interlayer adhesion and reduces the ultimate strength. Non-toxicity of CNC and water and hydrophilicity of CNC leverage the scalability of this method.
机译：3D打印的聚合物零件的机械性能仍然过低，从而限制了其工业应用。我们引入了一种新颖且可扩展的技术来增强3D打印聚合物零件的强度。我们借助集成在熔融沉积建模打印机中的雾化工艺，在相邻的聚合物层之间掺入纤维素纳米晶体（CNC），以在打印过程中喷涂CNC的水悬浮液。 CNC在聚合物层之间充当纳米缝线，从而提高了层间附着力和印刷零件的极限强度。我们表明，以0.5-1 wt％的浓度喷涂CNC水性悬浮液时，丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）零件的层间强度均提高了44％，拉伸强度提高了33％，拉伸模量提高了20％，韧性均提高了33％纵向和横向。然而，将CNC浓度增加到1 wt％以上会导致各层之间的CNC团聚，这会对层间附着力产生负面影响并降低极限强度。 CNC和水的无毒性以及CNC的亲水性充分利用了此方法的可扩展性。

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