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Experimental aspects of Mode I and Mode II fracture toughness testing of fibre-reinforced polymer-matrix composites

机译：纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的模式I和模式II断裂韧性测试的实验方面

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摘要

Research on fracture mechanics has yielded a number of different test set-ups for determining the critical fracture toughness of fibre- reinforced polymer-matrix (FRP) composite materials under tensile/opening (Mode I), in-plane shear (Mode II), and anti-plane shear/ torsion (Mode IlI) loads, as well as for mixed mode loads I/II. Test procedures for Mode I and Mode II critical fracture toughness testing of unidirectional FRP-composites are currently being evaluated for international standardisation. This paper discusses recent developments with the emphasis on experimental aspects of fracture toughness testing of FRP-composites in Mode I and Mode II. Experimental determination of the critical fracture toughness of FRP-composites involves a number of issues. Most activities to date have aimed at reducing in-laboratory and inter-laboratory variation to "reasonable" bounds (typical coefficient of variation l0-20/100) when testing identical material. Specifically, the following problems wil1 be addressed and discussed (l ) the type of starter crack or delamination starter, (2) the definition of delamination initiation from an existing crack, (3) the distribution and number of data points used in the analysis, (4) the accuracy of the experimental data, and (5) validation criteria for test method and data. Beyond the specific technical issues mentioned above, there are more general issues that relate to the applicability of the test procedures. So far, some of these issues have received little attention. A crucial point is the definition of the scope of the procedure, but differences in interpretation and realisation of the procedures by the operator are also important. From the point of view of the users of FRP-composites, general experimental aspects, such as, e.g., the simplicity of the test procedure and the availability of test set-ups, as well as the time needed for test preparation, performance, and ana1ysis (which translate directly into cost), and the applicability of the procedures to engineering materials will gain in importance, once the technical test prob1ems have been resolved.
机译：断裂力学的研究产生了许多不同的测试设置，用于确定纤维增强的聚合物基体（FRP）复合材料在拉伸/开孔（模式I），面内剪切（模式II）下的临界断裂韧性，以及抗平面剪切/扭转（模式III）载荷，以及混合模式载荷I / II。目前正在评估单向FRP复合材料的I型和II型临界断裂韧性测试方法，以进行国际标准化。本文讨论了最近的发展，重点是在模式I和模式II下FRP复合材料的断裂韧性测试的实验方面。 FRP复合材料的临界断裂韧性的实验确定涉及许多问题。迄今为止，大多数活动都旨在在测试相同材料时将实验室内和实验室间的变化降低到“合理的”范围（典型的变化系数为10-20 / 100）。具体来说，将解决以下问题：（1）起动裂纹或分层起动剂的类型；（2）从现有裂纹中引发分层的定义；（3）分析中使用的数据点的分布和数量； （4）实验数据的准确性，以及（5）测试方法和数据的验证标准。除了上面提到的特定技术问题外，还有更多与测试程序的适用性有关的一般性问题。到目前为止，其中一些问题很少受到关注。关键是定义过程的范围，但是操作员在解释和实现过程方面的差异也很重要。从FRP复合材料的用户的角度来看，一般的实验方面，例如测试程序的简单性和测试设置的可用性以及测试准备，性能和测试所需的时间。一旦解决了技术测试问题，分析（直接转化为成本）和程序对工程材料的适用性将变得越来越重要。

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