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The effect of ISP traffic shaping on user-perceived performance in broadband shared access networks

机译：ISP流量调整对宽带共享接入网络中用户感知性能的影响

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摘要

Recent studies on the practice of shaping subscribers' traffic by Internet service providers (ISPs) give a new insight into the actual performance of broadband access networks at a packet level. Unlike metro and backbone networks, however, access networks directly interface with end-users, so it is important to base the study and design of access networks on the behaviors of and the actual performance perceived by end-users. In this paper we study the effect of ISP traffic shaping using traffic models based on user behaviors and application/session-layer metrics providing quantifiable measures of user-perceived performance for HTTP, FTP, and streaming video traffic. To compare the user-perceived performance of shaped traffic flows with those of unshaped ones in an integrated way, we use a multivariate non-inferiority testing procedure. We first investigate the effect of the token generation rate and the token bucket size of a token bucket filter (TBF) on user-perceived performance at a subscriber level with a single subscriber. Then we investigate their effect at an access level where shaped traffic flows from multiple subscribers interact with one another in a common shared access network. The simulation results show that for a given token generation rate, a larger token bucket - i.e., up to 100 MB and 1 GB for access line rates of 100Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s, respectively - provides better user-perceived performance at both subscriber and access levels. It is also shown that the loose burst control resulting from the large token bucket - again up to 100 MB for access line rate of 100 Mbit/s - does not negatively affect user-perceived performance with multiple subscribers even in the presence of non-conformant subscribers; with a much larger token bucket (e.g., size of 10 GB), however, the negative effect of non-conformant subscribers on the user-perceived performance of conformant subscribers becomes clearly visible because the impact of token bucket size and that of token generation rate are virtually indistinguishable in this case.
机译：对Internet服务提供商（ISP）整形订户流量的实践的最新研究为在分组级别的宽带接入网络的实际性能提供了新的见解。但是，与城域网和骨干网不同，接入网直接与最终用户交互，因此，对接入网的研究和设计必须基于最终用户的行为和实际性能，这一点很重要。在本文中，我们研究了基于流量模型的ISP流量整形的效果，该流量模型基于用户行为和应用程序/会话层指标，提供了HTTP，FTP和流视频流量的用户感知性能的可量化度量。为了以综合的方式将用户感知到的形状流量与非形状流量的性能进行比较，我们使用了多元非劣效性测试程序。我们首先研究令牌生成率和令牌桶过滤器（TBF）的令牌桶大小对单个用户的用户级别的用户感知性能的影响。然后，我们在一个访问级别上研究它们的影响，在该级别上，来自多个订户的整形流量在公共共享访问网络中相互交互。仿真结果表明，对于给定的令牌生成速率，较大的令牌存储区（即对于100Mbit / s和1 Gbit / s的访问线路速率分别高达100 MB和1 GB）在两种情况下均提供了更好的用户感知性能订户和访问级别。还显示出大令牌桶导致的松散突发控制（对于100 Mbit / s的访问线路速率，再次达到100 MB）不会负面影响多个订户的用户感知性能，即使存在不一致的情况订户；但是，如果令牌桶更大（例如，大小为10 GB），则不合格用户对合格用户的用户感知性能的负面影响就变得显而易见，因为令牌桶大小和令牌生成速率的影响在这种情况下几乎没有区别。

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