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Application of distinct element methods to simulation of hydraulic fracturing in naturally fractured reservoirs

机译：离散元方法在天然裂缝性油藏水力压裂模拟中的应用

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The Distinct Element Method (DEM) represents a rock mass as an assembly of blocks (polygonal or polyhedral). Contacts between blocks correspond to discontinuities (i.e., fractures or joints) that can exhibit non-linear mechanical behavior, including slip and opening. If flow in rock fracture is approximated using the lubrication equation, coupled hydro-mechanical DEM models can be used for simulation of rock mass treatment by fluid injection. However, this approach has a limited capability for simulating fracture propagation. The synthetic rock mass (SRM) concept overcomes this limitation. In SRM, the bonded particle model (BPM), which is an assembly of circular or spherical particles bonded to each other, represents deformation and damage of intact rock. If pre-existing discontinuities are represented in the BPM, the resulting model, referred to as SRM, has the capability of simulating hydraulic fracturing in naturally fractured reservoirs. The model delivers a pattern of hydraulic fractures that evolves in response to both intact rock fracturing and sliding and opening of pre-existing joints. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：离散元法（DEM）将岩体表示为块体（多边形或多面体）的组合。块之间的接触对应于可能表现出非线性机械行为（包括滑移和张开）的不连续性（即断裂或接缝）。如果使用润滑方程来估算岩石裂缝中的流动，则可以使用耦合的流体力学DEM模型来模拟通过流体注入进行的岩体处理。但是，这种方法模拟裂缝扩展的能力有限。合成岩体（SRM）的概念克服了这一限制。在SRM中，粘结颗粒模型（BPM）是相互粘结的圆形或球形颗粒的组合，它表示完整岩石的变形和损坏。如果BPM中存在预先存在的不连续性，则得到的模型称为SRM，具有模拟天然裂缝储层中水力压裂的能力。该模型提供了一种水力压裂模式，该压裂响应于完整的岩石压裂以及既有节理的滑动和打开而发展。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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