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Delineating urban park catchment areas using mobile phone data: A case study of Tokyo

机译：使用手机数据描绘城市公园集水区：东京的案例研究

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摘要

Urban parks can offer both physical and psychological health benefits to urban dwellers and provide social, economic, and environmental benefits to society. Earlier research on the usage of urban parks relied on fixed distance or walking time to delineate urban park catchment areas. However, actual catchment areas can be affected by many factors other than park surface areas, such as social capital cultivation, cultural adaptation, climate and seasonal variation, and park function and facilities provided. This study advanced this method by using mobile phone data to delineate urban park catchment area. The study area is the 23 special wards of Tokyo or tokubetsu-ku, the core of the capital of Japan. The location data of over 1 million anonymous mobile phone users was collected in 2011. The results show that: (1) the park catchment areas vary significantly by park surface areas: people use smaller parks nearby but also travel further to larger parks; (2) even for the parks in the same size category, there are notable differences in the spatial pattern of visitors, which cannot be simply summarized with average distance or catchment radius; and (3) almost all the parks, regardless of its size and function, had the highest user density right around the vicinity, exemplified by the density-distance function closely follow a decay trend line within 1-2 km radius of the park. As such, this study used the density threshold and density-distance function to measure park catchment. We concluded that the application of mobile phone location data can improve our understanding of an urban park catchment area, provide useful information and methods to analyze the usage of urban parks, and can aid in the planning and policy-making of urban parks.
机译：城市公园可以为城市居民提供身体和心理健康效益，为社会提供社会，经济和环境效益。早期对城市公园的使用研究依靠固定距离或步行时间来描绘城市公园集水区。然而，实际的集水区可能影响公园表面区域以外的许多因素，例如社会资本培养，文化适应，气候和季节性变化以及提供的公园功能和设施。本研究通过使用手机数据来描绘城市公园集水区，提升了这种方法。该研究领域是东京或Tokubetsu-Ku的23个特殊病区，是日本首都的核心。在2011年收集了超过100万件匿名手机用户的位置数据。结果表明：（1）公园集水区帕克表面积显着变化：人们在附近使用较小的公园，但也进一步前往较大的公园; （2）即使对于在同一尺寸类别中的公园，游客的空间模式也有显着差异，这不能简单地汇总平均距离或集水区半径; （3）几乎所有的公园，无论其尺寸和功能如何，在附近都有最高的用户密度，通过密度 - 距离函数密切关注公园1-2公里半径范围内的衰减趋势线。因此，本研究使用了密度阈值和密度距离函数来测量公园集水区。我们得出结论，移动电话定位数据的应用可以改善我们对城市公园集水区的理解，提供有用的信息和方法来分析城市公园的使用，并有助于建设城市公园的规划和政策。

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