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An analytical model for designing memory hierarchies

机译:设计内存层次结构的分析模型

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Memory hierarchies have long been studied by many means: system building, trace driven simulation, and mathematical analysis. Yet little help is available for the system designer wishing to quickly size the different levels in a memory hierarchy to a first order approximation. We present a simple analysis for providing this practical help and some unexpected results and intuition that come out of the analysis. By applying a specific, parameterized model of workload locality, we are able to derive a closed form solution for the optimal size of each hierarchy level. We verify the accuracy of this solution against exhaustive simulation with two case studies: a three level I/O storage hierarchy and a three level processor cache hierarchy. In all but one case, the configuration recommended by the model performs within 5% of optimal. One result of our analysis is that the first place to spend money is the cheapest (rather than the fastest) cache level, particularly with small system budgets. Another is that money spent on an n level hierarchy is spent in a fixed proportion until another level is added.
机译:长期以来,内存层次结构已通过多种方法进行了研究:系统构建,跟踪驱动的仿真和数学分析。对于希望将存储器层次结构中的不同级别快速调整为一阶近似的系统设计人员而言,几乎没有什么帮助。我们提供了一个简单的分析来提供这种实际帮助,并从分析中得出一些意想不到的结果和直觉。通过应用特定的,参数化的工作负载局部性模型,我们能够为每个层次结构级别的最佳大小导出封闭形式的解决方案。我们通过两个案例研究验证了该解决方案相对于详尽模拟的准确性:三级I / O存储层次结构和三级处理器缓存层次结构。除一种情况外,在所有情况下,模型推荐的配置均在最佳值的5%之内。我们的分析结果是,花钱的第一位是最便宜(而不是最快)的缓存级别,尤其是在系统预算小的情况下。另一个是花费在n级层次结构上的钱是按固定比例花费的,直到添加另一个级别为止。

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