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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Use of Habitats as Surrogates of Biodiversity for Efficient Coral Reef Conservation Planning in Pacific Ocean Islands
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Use of Habitats as Surrogates of Biodiversity for Efficient Coral Reef Conservation Planning in Pacific Ocean Islands

机译：利用栖息地作为生物多样性的替代品，以进行太平洋群岛的有效珊瑚礁保护规划

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Abstract: Marine protected areas (MPAs) have been highlighted as a means toward effective conservation of coral reefs. New strategies are required to more effectively select MPA locations and increase the pace of their implementation. Many criteria exist to design MPA networks, but generally, it is recommended that networks conserve a diversity of species selected for, among other attributes, their representativeness, rarity, or endemicity. Because knowledge of species’ spatial distribution remains scarce, efficient surrogates are urgently needed. We used five different levels of habitat maps and six spatial scales of analysis to identify under which circumstances habitat data used to design MPA networks for Wallis Island provided better representation of species than random choice alone. Protected-area site selections were derived from a rarity–complementarity algorithm. Habitat surrogacy was tested for commercial fish species, all fish species, commercially harvested invertebrates, corals, and algae species. Efficiency of habitat surrogacy varied by species group, type of habitat map, and spatial scale of analysis. Maps with the highest habitat thematic complexity provided better surrogates than simpler maps and were more robust to changes in spatial scales. Surrogates were most efficient for commercial fishes, corals, and algae but not for commercial invertebrates. Conversely, other measurements of species-habitat associations, such as richness congruence and composition similarities provided weak results. We provide, in part, a habitat-mapping methodology for designation of MPAs for Pacific Ocean islands that are characterized by habitat zonations similar to Wallis. Given the increasing availability and affordability of space-borne imagery to map habitats, our approach could appreciably facilitate and improve current approaches to coral reef conservation and enhance MPA implementation.
机译：摘要：海洋保护区（MPA）已被强调为有效保护珊瑚礁的一种手段。需要新的策略来更有效地选择MPA位置并加快其实施速度。设计MPA网络存在许多标准，但是通常，建议网络保留因其代表性，稀有性或特有性等因素而选择的物种多样性。由于对物种空间分布的了解仍然很少，因此迫切需要有效的替代方法。我们使用了五个不同级别的栖息地地图和六个空间分析尺度，以识别在什么情况下用于设计瓦利斯岛MPA网络的栖息地数据提供了比单独随机选择更好的物种表示。保护区站点选择是从稀疏互补算法中得出的。针对商业鱼类，所有鱼类，商业捕捞的无脊椎动物，珊瑚和藻类的栖息地代孕进行了测试。生境代孕的效率因物种组，生境图类型和分析空间规模而异。栖息地主题复杂度最高的地图比简单的地图提供了更好的替代，并且对空间比例的变化更健壮。替代物对商业鱼类，珊瑚和藻类最有效，但对无脊椎动物无效率。相反，物种-栖息地关联的其他度量（例如丰富度一致性和组成相似性）提供的结果较弱。我们提供了一种栖息地映射方法，用于指定太平洋岛屿的MPA，其特征是与沃利斯类似的栖息地地带。鉴于星载图像用于绘制栖息地的地图的可用性和可承受性不断提高，我们的方法可以极大地促进和改进当前的珊瑚礁养护方法，并加强MPA的实施。

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