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Quantitative Determination of Rarity of Freshwater Fishes and Implications for Imperiled-Species Designations

机译：淡水鱼类稀有度的定量测定及其对濒危物种的指称

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Abstract: Conserving rare species and protecting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning depends on sound information on the nature of rarity. Rarity is multidimensional and has a variety of definitions, which presents the need for a quantitative classification scheme with which to categorize species as rare or common. We constructed such a classification for North American freshwater fishes to better describe rarity in fishes and provide researchers and managers with a tool to streamline conservation efforts. We used data on range extents, habitat specificities, and local population sizes of North American freshwater fishes and a variety of quantitative methods and statistical decision criteria, including quantile regression and a cost-function algorithm to determine thresholds for categorizing a species as rare or common. Species fell into eight groups that conform to an established framework for rarity. Fishes listed by the American Fisheries Society (AFS) as endangered, threatened, or vulnerable were most often rare because their local population sizes were low, ranges were small, and they had specific habitat needs, in that order, whereas unlisted species were most often considered common on the basis of these three factors. Species with large ranges generally had few specific habitat needs, whereas those with small ranges tended to have narrow habitat specificities. We identified 30 species not designated as imperiled by AFS that were rare along all dimensions of rarity and may warrant further study or protection, and we found three designated species that were common along all dimensions and may require a review of their imperilment status. Our approach could be applied to other taxa to aid conservation decisions and serve as a useful tool for future revisions of listings of fish species.
机译：摘要：保护稀有物种并保护生物多样性和生态系统功能取决于有关稀有性的可靠信息。稀有度是多维的，具有多种定义，这就需要一种定量分类方案，利用该方案可以将物种分为稀有物种或常见物种。我们为北美淡水鱼建立了这样的分类，以更好地描述鱼类中的稀有性，并为研究人员和管理人员提供简化保护工作的工具。我们使用了有关北美淡水鱼的范围，栖息地特异性和当地种群规模的数据，以及各种定量方法和统计决策标准（包括分位数回归和成本函数算法）来确定将某物种归类为稀有或常见物种的阈值。物种分为符合既定稀有性框架的八类。被美国渔业协会（AFS）列为濒危，威胁或脆弱的鱼类通常是罕见的，因为它们的本地种群数量少，范围小并且有特定的生境需求，按这种顺序排列，而未列出物种则最常见在这三个因素的基础上被认为是普遍的范围较大的物种通常几乎没有特定的生境需求，而范围较小的物种往往具有较窄的栖息地特异性。我们确定了30种未被指定为受AFS危害的物种，这些物种在稀有性的各个维度上都是罕见的，可能需要进一步研究或保护，我们发现了三个在各个维度上都很常见的指定物种，可能需要审查其濒危状况。我们的方法可以应用于其他分类单元，以帮助保护决策，并作为将来修订鱼类物种清单的有用工具。

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