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Contextualising the crowd in contemporary social science

机译:在当代社会科学中将人群情境化

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摘要

This paper situates contemporary social scientific studies of crowd events and crowd behaviour in their historical and ideological context. The original 'crowd science' developed from definitions of 'social problems' that emerged in the late nineteenth century - in particular the concerns among the French establishment about the threat of the 'mass' to 'civilization'. This, and the surrounding intellectual context, encouraged the development of theoretical models of the crowd characterized by forms of reductionism and irrationalism. Early accounts of 'mass panic' similarly suggested that collective behaviour was irrational because it was governed by primitive bio-psychological processes. After describing these early approaches to the crowd, the paper outlines how changes in late twentieth society, whereby those writing about the crowd were no longer necessarily 'outside' crowd events, have coincided with the development of accounts of the crowd which draw upon contemporary social scientific concepts (such as social norms, social identities, and cognition) and which assume that crowds are not alien to meaningful social and political participation, but integral to it.
机译:本文对当代人群事件和人群行为的历史和思想语境进行了当代社会科学研究。最初的“人群科学”是从19世纪后期出现的“社会问题”的定义发展而来的,特别是法国机构对“大众”对“文明”的威胁的关注。这以及周围的思想背景,鼓励了以还原主义和非理性主义形式为特征的人群理论模型的发展。早期对“大规模恐慌”的描述类似地表明,集体行为是不合理的,因为它受原始生物心理学过程的支配。在描述了这些针对人群的早期方法之后,本文概述了二十世纪后期社会的变化,即关于人群的文字不再是人群外部的“事件”,而是与借鉴当代社会的人群的发展相吻合的。科学概念(例如社会规范,社会身份和认知),并假设人群与有意义的社会和政治参与并不陌生,而是其不可或缺的一部分。

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  • 来源
    《Society》 |2011年第3期|p.275-288|共14页
  • 作者

    John Drury; Clifford Stott;

  • 作者单位

    University of Sussex, School of Psychology, Falmer BN1 9QH, UK;

    University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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