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首页> 外文期刊>Cosmic research >Results of Measurements with the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer onboard Mars Express: Clouds and Dust at the End of Southern Summer. A Comparison with OMEGA Images
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Results of Measurements with the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer onboard Mars Express: Clouds and Dust at the End of Southern Summer. A Comparison with OMEGA Images

机译：火星快车上的行星傅立叶光谱仪的测量结果：南方夏季结束时的云团和尘埃。与OMEGA图像的比较

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摘要

We discuss the results of measurements made with the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) onboard the Mars Express spacecraft. The data were obtained in the beginning of the mission and correspond to the end of summer in the southern hemisphere of Mars (L_S ～ 340°). Three orbits are considered, two of which passed through volcanoes Olympus and Ascraeus Mons (the height above the surface is about +20 km), while the third orbit intersects lowland Hellas (-7 km). The influence of the relief on the properties of the aerosol observed is demonstrated: clouds of water ice with a visual optical thickness of 0.1-0.5 were observed above volcanoes, while only dust was found during the observations (close in time) along the orbit passing through Hellas in low and middle latitudes. This dust is homogeneously mixed with gas and has a reduced optical thickness of 0.25 ± 0.05 (at ν = 1100 cm~(-1)). In addition to orographic clouds, ice clouds were observed in this season in the northern polar region. The clouds seen in the images obtained simultaneously by the mapping spectrometer OMEGA confirm the PFS results. Temperature inversion is discovered in the north polar hood below the level 1 mbar with a temperature maximum at about 0.6 mbar. This inversion is associated with descending movements in the Hadley cell.
机译：我们讨论了在火星快船上使用行星傅立叶光谱仪（PFS）进行测量的结果。这些数据是在任务开始时获得的，与火星南半球的夏季末（L_S〜340°）相对应。考虑了三个轨道，其中两个通过了奥林匹斯山和阿斯克鲁厄斯火山（地表以上约20公里），而第三个轨道与低地海拉斯相交（-7公里）。浮雕对所观察到的气溶胶特性的影响得到了证实：在火山上方观察到了光学光学厚度为0.1-0.5的水冰云，而在沿轨道经过的观察过程中（及时关闭）仅发现了灰尘在中低纬度地区穿越海拉。该粉尘与气体均匀混合，光学厚度减小了0.25±0.05（在ν= 1100 cm〜（-1）时）。除地形云外，本季在北极地区还观测到冰云。映射光谱仪OMEGA同时获得的图像中看到的云证实了PFS结果。在1毫巴以下的北极罩中发现了温度反转，最高温度约为0.6毫巴。这种倒转与Hadley单元中的下降运动有关。

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