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HIV risk among long-haul truckers in the USA

机译：美国长途卡车司机的艾滋病毒风险

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摘要

Long-haul truck driving has been associated with HIV risk in developing countries but little research to date has considered whether truckers in the USA may also be at elevated risk for HIV and other STIs. This multi-method qualitative study explored HIV-risk factors among regional and cross-country truck drivers who were based in the southeastern USA. Data collection methods included focus groups conducted at company hubs and over Citizen's Band (CB) radio, and key informant interviews. Results indicated that sexual opportunities and risks are greater for long-haul drivers who often travel for long periods without returning home and who may engage in 'highway sex' in the absence of a regular home-life. Structural factors that have reduced drivers' autonomy, sexual risk taking and free time while traveling include recent trucking regulations, electronic surveillance and industry-wide trends emphasizing speed and efficiency. Other factors, such as age, experience, type of employment and type of route also play a role. Further research is needed to determine if these qualitative findings can be quantified in population-based studies that also include biomarker and incidence data.
机译：在发展中国家，长途卡车驾驶与HIV风险相关，但迄今为止，很少有研究考虑美国卡车司机是否也可能面临HIV和其他性传播感染的高风险。这项多方法定性研究探讨了美国东南部地区和越野卡车司机中的HIV风险因素。数据收集方法包括在公司枢纽和公民乐队（CB）广播电台进行的焦点小组调查，以及关键信息提供者访谈。结果表明，对于长途旅行的长途驾驶员来说，性机会和风险更大，他们经常不回国旅行，并且在没有正常家庭生活的情况下可能从事“高速公路性行为”。减少驾驶员自主权，承担性风险和出差时间的结构性因素包括最近的货车运输法规，电子监控和强调速度和效率的全行业趋势。其他因素，例如年龄，经验，就业类型和路线类型也起作用。需要进一步的研究以确定这些定性发现是否可以在基于人群的研究（包括生物标志物和发病率数据）中进行量化。

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