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Immunotherapy of Cancer Based on DC-Tumor Fusion Vaccine

机译：基于DC-肿瘤融合疫苗的癌症免疫治疗

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Fusions of dendritic cells (DC) and tumor cells are increasingly used in tumor immunotherapy. The strategy for DC-tumor fusion vaccine is based on the fact that DC are the most potent antigen-presenting cells in the body, whereas tumor cells express abundant tumor antigens. The fusion of these two cell types creates a heterokaryon with both DCderived costimulatory molecules, efficient antigen- processing and -presentation machinery, and tumor-derived antigens. In animal and human studies, DC-tumor fusion cells (FC) have been shown to possess the elements essential for processing and presenting tumor antigens to host immune cells and for inducing effective immune response that is able to break T-cell tolerance to tumor-associated antigens; moreover, they have been demonstrated to provide protection against challenge with tumor cells and to regress established tumors. Despite these unique features of DC-tumor fusion cells and the observation of tumor eradication in animal studies, only limited, yet encouraging, success has been seen in clinical trials. This article reviews the methods used for the preparation and selection of DC-tumor fusion cells and analyzes the factors influencing the success or failure of FC-mediated immunotherapy. In addition, it discusses the challenges facing FC vaccine, including preparation, selection, and quality control of DC-tumor fusion cells, and approaches for enhancing antitumor immunity.
机译：树突状细胞（DC）和肿瘤细胞的融合越来越多地用于肿瘤免疫治疗。 DC-肿瘤融合疫苗的策略基于以下事实：DC是机体内最有效的抗原呈递细胞，而肿瘤细胞表达丰富的肿瘤抗原。这两种细胞类型的融合产生了具有DC衍生的共刺激分子，有效的抗原加工和呈递机制以及肿瘤衍生的抗原的异核体。在动物和人体研究中，DC肿瘤融合细胞（FC）已显示具有处理和呈递肿瘤抗原以宿主免疫细胞以及诱导有效的免疫反应所必需的元素，这些免疫反应能够破坏T细胞对肿瘤的耐受性相关抗原；此外，已证明它们可提供针对肿瘤细胞攻击的保护作用并消退已建立的肿瘤。尽管DC-肿瘤融合细胞具有这些独特的功能，并且在动物研究中观察到了根除肿瘤的能力，但在临床试验中仅能看到有限但令人鼓舞的成功。本文概述了用于制备和选择DC肿瘤融合细胞的方法，并分析了影响FC介导的免疫疗法成败的因素。此外，它讨论了FC疫苗面临的挑战，包括DC肿瘤融合细胞的制备，选择和质量控制，以及增强抗肿瘤免疫性的方法。

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