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Reversal of Tumor Induced Dendritic Cell Paralysis: A Treatment Regimen Against Cancer

机译：逆转肿瘤引起的树突状细胞麻痹：一种针对癌症的治疗方案

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Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigens presenting cells with the capacity to stimulate naive T cells and induce primary and secondary immune responses. Due to these features DC have been exploited for vaccine delivery in an attempt to actively immunize cancer patients, but the vaccine- induced immune responses have achieved partial success but are not yet sufficient to attain robust and durable therapeutic effect in cancer patients. The partial failure of current vaccine formulations are explained by the extraordinary complexity of the immune response, which makes the task of exploiting the potential of such a therapeutic approach highly challenging. Overall findings obtained from the clinical observations in human suggest that immune system can be polarized against tumor cells by means of DC mediated vaccine. It is clear that there are complex interactions between tumor cells and DC, through their inhibitory effect on DC tumor cells may negatively regulate priming tumor specific immunity. The complete eradication of tumor is possible only when we gain the thorough understanding of DC biology and its interaction with tumor before we design any vaccine formulations using dendritic cells. This review will summarize the recent advances in understanding the role of DC in the regulation of innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity, and tumor- induced DC paralysis as a major mechanism by which tumors escape host immune response. Knowledge on these aspects will provide important implications for developing more effective DC mediated vaccination against tumor.
机译：树突状细胞（DC）是最有效的抗原递呈细胞，具有刺激幼稚T细胞并诱导初级和次级免疫反应的能力。由于这些特征，DC已经被用于疫苗递送以试图主动免疫癌症患者，但是疫苗诱导的免疫应答已经获得了部分成功，但是还不足以在癌症患者中获得强大而持久的治疗效果。当前疫苗制剂的部分失败是由免疫应答的异常复杂性所解释的，这使得利用这种治疗方法的潜力的任务变得非常具有挑战性。从人的临床观察中获得的总体发现表明，可以通过DC介导的疫苗使免疫系统针对肿瘤细胞极化。很明显，肿瘤细胞与DC之间存在复杂的相互作用，因为它们对DC肿瘤细胞的抑制作用可能会负面地调节引发肿瘤的特异性免疫力。只有在我们使用树突状细胞设计任何疫苗制剂之前，对DC生物学及其与肿瘤的相互作用有了透彻的了解，才有可能彻底根除肿瘤。这篇综述将总结在理解DC在调节先天性和适应性抗肿瘤免疫中的作用以及肿瘤诱导的DC麻痹作为肿瘤逃避宿主免疫反应的主要机制方面的最新进展。这些方面的知识将为开发更有效的DC介导的针对肿瘤的疫苗接种提供重要的启示。

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