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Rapid Response Research - SARS Coronavirus Vaccines and Application of Processes to Other Emerging Infectious Diseases

机译：快速反应研究-SARS冠状病毒疫苗及其在其他新兴传染病中的应用

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The near pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) emphasized that new and emerging infectious diseases not only continue to plague the world but also how the scientific community can unite to rapidly identify the causative agent and develop strategies such as vaccines to control its spread. The availability of the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) genome sequence paved the way for the identification of recombinant vaccine candidates for SARS. Based on previous successful animal CoV vaccines, vaccinologists focused on the major CoV structural proteins such as the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins as vaccine candidates. We will review the vaccine strategies SARS researchers have used and discuss current SARS animal models used for vaccine evaluation. The small number of SARS cases in 2004 has raised questions about whether SARS will return as a pandemic and the cost-effectiveness of testing a SARS vaccine in human clinical trials. Finally, the SARS outbreaks identified several gaps in the response to emerging infectious diseases. The SARS Accelerated Vaccine Initiative (SAVI) was established to provide rapid solutions to a public health emergency and to develop a new research paradigm for vaccine development for newly emerging and reemerging infectious diseases.
机译：由严重急性呼吸道综合症（SARS）引起的近乎大流行的疾病强调，新的和新兴的传染病不仅继续困扰着世界，而且科学界如何团结起来迅速识别出病原体并制定诸如控制其病原体的疫苗等策略传播。 SARS冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）基因组序列的可获得性为鉴定SARS重组疫苗候选物铺平了道路。基于先前成功的动物冠状病毒疫苗，疫苗学家专注于主要的冠状病毒结构蛋白，例如刺突（S）和核衣壳（N）蛋白作为候选疫苗。我们将回顾SARS研究人员使用的疫苗策略，并讨论当前用于疫苗评估的SARS动物模型。 2004年的SARS病例很少，这引发了人们的质疑，即SARS是否会以大流行形式返回，以及在人体临床试验中测试SARS疫苗的成本效益。最终，SARS爆发确定了在应对新兴传染病方面的若干差距。 SARS加速疫苗倡议（SAVI）的成立是为了为公共卫生突发事件提供快速解决方案，并为新出现和重新出现的传染病疫苗开发开发新的研究范式。

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