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The Vindication of a Generalized Cybernetic Reason

机译:广义控制论理由的辩护

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In his book Zweckbegriff und Systemrationalitaet, the German sociologist Niklas Luhmann (1973) observes that classical Cybernetics is normative and stabilizing, as feedbacks tend to direct the system either to a specific aim or to the maintenance of the system within some defined behavioral limits. This aspect of Cybernetics has been widely observed and frequently criticized, as the exercised control is unavoidably intentional and is often aimed at manipulating either the economic or social system in some way or other that is generally not unanimously approved. However, Cybernetics has a wider range meanings and implications. Two of its less explored fields are: 1. the interrelation between individual, collective and social behavior in systems, 2. the interrelations between short, medium and long term behavior of elements, individuals or collectives.
机译:德国社会学家尼古拉斯·卢曼(Niklas Luhmann,1973)在他的著作《 Zweckbegriff und Systemrationalitaet》中指出,经典的控制论是规范性的并且是稳定的,因为反馈趋向于将系统定向到特定目的或在一定的行为限制内维持系统。控制论的这一方面已被广泛观察到并经常受到批评,因为行使控制不可避免地是有意的,并且往往旨在以某种方式操纵经济或社会系统,或者其他通常未经一致批准的方式。但是,控制论具有更广泛的意义和含义。其较少探索的两个领域是:1.系统中个人,集体和社会行为之间的相互关系; 2.要素,个人或集体的短期,中期和长期行为之间的相互关系。

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