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Paradoxes of Online Investing: Testing the Influence of Technology on User Expectancies

机译：在线投资的悖论：​​测试技术对用户期望的影响

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摘要

At an increasing rate, individual investors are taking personal control over their financial destinies by investing their money online. Compared to offline do-it-yourself approaches, evidence suggests that investors exhibit lofty expectations and perform significantly worse after going online. However, little is understood about the mechanisms fueling expectancies, the role technologies play in their formation, or how technologies shape investment decisions. Therefore, this article explores the paradoxical nature of online investing technologies, which can give rise to a heightened state of conviction in one's capability to invest successfully. Drawing on Social Cognitive Theory, the concepts of encapsulation and combination are introduced to develop a research model describing how functional and technical self-efficacy judgments independently and collectively shape and influence outcome expectancies. The results suggest that perceptions about what one can accomplish through online investing technologies can lead investors to exaggerate their capabilities, which, in turn, produces elevated expectancies of financial payoffs and nonmonetary rewards. These findings carry important implications. In tasks requiring both computing and functional skills, the principals of encapsulation and combination highlight the importance of comprehensively capturing self-efficacy beliefs across skill domain boundaries. Moreover, online investing represents a paradoxical case that challenges the traditional assumption that fostering a robust sense of efficacy represents a purely noble enterprise. In fact, strong self-efficacy beliefs can prove counterproductive, leading to severe, irreversible, and unintended consequences. Going forward, these discoveries provide a solid foundation to enhance systems designs and facilitate a deeper understanding of user psychology.
机译：越来越多的个人投资者通过在线投资资金来控制自己的财务状况。与离线自己动手做的方法相比，证据表明投资者表现出崇高的期望，并且在上网后表现更差。但是，人们对推动预期的机制，技术在其形成中的作用或技术如何影响投资决策的了解很少。因此，本文探讨了在线投资技术的自相矛盾性质，它可以使人们对成功投资能力的信念更加坚定。利用社会认知理论，引入封装和组合的概念来发展一个研究模型，该模型描述功能和技术自我效能判断如何独立，集体地塑造和影响预期结果。结果表明，对于人们可以通过在线投资技术完成的事情的看法可能导致投资者夸大其能力，这反过来又增加了人们对财务回报和非货币奖励的期望。这些发现具有重要意义。在既需要计算技能又需要功能技能的任务中，封装和组合原理突出了跨技能领域边界全面捕获自我效能信念的重要性。此外，在线投资代表了一个自相矛盾的案例，它对传统的假设提出了挑战，传统的假设是，培养强大的效能感代表着纯粹的高尚企业。实际上，强烈的自我效能感信念会适得其反，导致严重，不可逆转和意想不到的后果。展望未来，这些发现为增强系统设计和促进对用户心理的更深入了解奠定了坚实的基础。

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