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Modeling Take-or-Pay Contract Decisions

机译：建模收货或付款合同决策

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摘要

Long-term purchase contracts for natural resources, such as natural gas, often contain take-or-pay provisions that penalize the buyer for not purchasing (taking) a minimum quantity of output over some period of time. In some contracts for a limited time interval, known as the make-up period, the penalty payments can be credited against future “takes” in excess of the take-or-pay level. Additionally, options to “buy down” or “buy out” existing contracts, or to initiate new contracts, may exist. The purchaser, faced with projected requirements over some planning horizon, must determine purchase levels from a selected set of take-or-pay contracts so as to minimize purchase, inventory holding, penalty costs, contract initiation, and buy-out or buy-down costs. This paper presents a mixed-integer programming model of take-or-pay decisions with and without make-up provisions.
机译：天然气等自然资源的长期购买合同通常包含“买入即付”条款，该条款对购买者在一段时间内未购买（获取）最低数量的产出构成了惩罚。在某些时间间隔有限的合同（称为补给期限）中，可以将罚款支付给超过“按需付款”水平的未来“收入”。另外，可能存在“买断”或“买断”现有合同或发起新合同的选项。采购商面对某个计划范围内的预期要求，必须从一组选定的按需付款合同中确定采购水平，以最大程度地减少采购，库存持有，罚款成本，合同启动以及买断或买断费用。本文提出了带有或不带有补充规定的收支决定的混合整数编程模型。

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