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Growth and condition of juvenile chum and pink salmon in the northeastern Bering Sea

机译：白令海东北部幼鲑和粉红鲑鱼的生长和状况

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As the Arctic continues to warm, abundances of juvenile Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the northern Bering Sea are expected to increase. However, information regarding the growth and condition of juvenile salmon in these waters is limited. The first objective of this study was to describe relationships between size, growth, and condition of juvenile chum (O. keta) and pink (O. gorbuscha) salmon and environmental conditions using data collected in the northeastern Bering Sea (NEBS) from 2003-2007 and 2009-2012. Salmon collected at stations with greater bottom depths and cooler sea-surface temperature (SST) were longer, reflecting their movement further offshore out of the warmer Alaska Coastal Water mass, as the season progressed. Energy density, after accounting for fish length, followed similar relationships with SST and bottom depth while greater condition (weight-length residuals) was associated with warm SST and shallower stations. We used insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations as an indicator of relative growth rate for fishes sampled in 2009-2012 and that found fish exhibited higher IGF-1 concentrations in 2010-2012 than in 2009, although these differences were not clearly attributable to environmental conditions. Our second objective was to compare size and condition of juvenile chum and pink salmon in the NEBS between warm and cool spring thermal regimes of the southeastern Bering Sea (SEBS). This comparison was based on a hypothesis informed by the strong role of sea-ice retreat in the spring for production dynamics in the SEBS and prevailing northward currents, suggesting that feeding conditions in the NESS may be influenced by production in the SEBS. We found greater length (both species) and condition (pink salmon) in years with warm thermal regimes; however, both of these responses changed more rapidly with day of year in years with cool springs. Finally, we compared indicators of energy allocation between even and odd brood-year stocks of juvenile pink salmon, finding support for the idea that the even-year stock allocates more energy to storage, as opposed to growth, than does the odd-year stock. Over all, our results support the idea that sea-ice dynamics influence energy allocation and growth of juvenile salmon in the northern Bering Sea and provide a foundation for further understanding of how environmental conditions influence juvenile salmon at the northern edge of their range. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：随着北极继续变暖，白令海北部的太平洋幼鲑（Oncorhynchus spp。）预计会增加。但是，有关这些水域中幼鲑的生长和状况的信息有限。这项研究的第一个目标是使用2003年以来在白令海东北部（NEBS）收集的数据来描述幼鲑（O. keta）和粉红（O. gorbuscha）鲑鱼的大小，生长和状况与环境状况之间的关系。 2007年和2009-2012年。随着季节的进行，鲑鱼在底部深度更大，海面温度（SST）较低的站点上收集的时间更长，这反映了它们在离温暖的阿拉斯加沿海水域更远的海上移动。在考虑了鱼的长度之后，能量密度与海面温度和海底深度具有相似的关系，而更大的条件（体重长度残差）与海面温度和浅水站有关。我们使用胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）浓度作为2009-2012年采样鱼的相对增长率的指标，发现这些鱼在2010-2012年表现出比2009年更高的IGF-1浓度，尽管这些差异没有明确归因于环境条件。我们的第二个目标是比较白令海东南部（SEBS）春季和春季春季热态下NEBS中幼鲑和粉红色鲑鱼的大小和状况。这种比较是基于一个假设，该假设基于春季海冰撤退对SEBS的生产动态和主要的北向洋流的强大作用所提供的信息，表明NESS的进食条件可能受到SEBS的生产影响。在温暖的热环境下，我们发现更长的长度（两种）和状况（粉红鲑鱼）；然而，在春季凉爽的年份中，这两种响应在一年中的每一天都变化更快。最后，我们比较了幼年粉红鲑鱼的偶数和奇数年育种种群之间的能量分配指标，从而支持了这样一种观点，即与奇数年种相比，偶数年种将更多的能量分配给存储，而不是增长。 。总体而言，我们的结果支持这样一种观点，即海冰动力学影响白令海北部幼鲑的能量分配和生长，并为进一步了解环境条件如何影响其范围北部边缘的幼鲑奠定了基础。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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