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Defense planning when major changes are needed

机译：需要重大变更时的防御计划

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The principles and formalities of modern U.S. Defence planning stem from the 1960s and have largely served well. This paper, however, is about the special challenges that arise when major changes have been needed, some even transformational in character. It discusses how changing realities, independent studies and analysis, events, leaders, and political processes have led to changes not easily instigated within normal processes. Several examples are discussed for the period 1976-2016. Today, the United States and allies again face major challenges that require major military changes. Those have not yet been decided, much less accomplished. The paper draws on lessons from earlier periods to identify obstacles to and mechanisms for change. The last section focuses on defence analysis, which has sometimes been an obstacle but can be part of the solution. The paper urges a new ethic for analysis and the analysts who perform it.
机译：现代美国国防计划的原则和形式起源于1960年代，在很大程度上发挥了很好的作用。但是，本文是关于需要重大变更（某些性质甚至具有变革性）时出现的特殊挑战。它讨论了不断变化的现实，独立的研究和分析，事件，领导者和政治进程如何导致在正常进程中不容易引发的变化。讨论了1976-2016年期间的几个示例。今天，美国及其盟国再次面临需要重大军事变革的重大挑战。这些还没有决定，要完成的要少得多。本文借鉴了较早时期的经验教训，确定了变革的障碍和机制。最后一部分着重于防御分析，它有时是一个障碍，但可以成为解决方案的一部分。该论文敦促进行分析的新伦理以及执行该伦理的分析师。

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