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Metropolitan Structure and Neighborhood Attainment: Exploring Intermetropolitan Variation in Racial Residential Segregation

机译：都市结构和邻里获得：探讨种族住宅隔离中的都市间差异

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摘要

Using data from the 1981, 1991, and 2001 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and several decennial censuses, we examine how characteristics of metropolitan areas are associated with black and white households’ neighborhood racial composition. Results from hierarchical linear models show that about 20% to 40% of the variation in the percentage of households’ tract population that is non-Hispanic white or non-Hispanic black exists across metropolitan areas. Over time, white households’ exposure to non-Hispanic white neighbors has declined, and their exposure to non-Hispanic black neighbors has increased; the reverse trends are observed for blacks. These trends cannot be attributed to changes in the ecological structure of metropolitan areas. Blacks have fewer white neighbors in large metropolitan areas containing sizable minority populations, and blacks have more white neighbors in metropolitan areas with high government employment. Whites have more black neighbors in metropolitan areas with high levels of government employment and ample new housing; whites have fewer black neighbors in metropolitan areas with a high level of municipal fragmentation. The association between metropolitan-area percentage black and tract percentage black is weaker among whites than among blacks, suggesting that whites are especially motivated to self-segregate in metropolitan areas with large black populations.
机译：利用1981年，1991年和2001年的收入动态小组研究和几次十年一次的人口普查数据，我们研究了都市地区的特征如何与黑人和白人家庭的邻里种族构成相关联。分层线性模型的结果表明，大都市地区存在着非西班牙裔白人或非西班牙裔黑人的家庭人口百分比变化的20％至40％。随着时间的流逝，白人家庭与非西班牙裔白人邻居的接触减少了，而与非西班牙裔黑人邻居的接触增加了；黑人观察到相反的趋势。这些趋势不能归因于大都市区生态结构的变化。在人口众多的大都市地区，黑人的白人邻居较少，在政府就业率较高的都市地区，黑人的白人邻居较多。在大都市地区，白人拥有更多的黑人邻居，他们的政府工作水平很高，并且有足够的新住房。在大城市地区，白人在大都市地区的黑人邻居较少。与白人相比，白人中大都市区黑人所占百分比与黑道所占百分比之间的关联性较弱，这表明在黑人人口众多的大都市区中，白人尤其受到自我隔离的动机。

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  • 来源
    《Demography》 |2011年第4期|p.1263-1292|共30页
  • 作者

    Scott J. South; Kyle Crowder; Jeremy Pais;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Sociology and Center for Social and Demographic Analysis, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA;

    Department of Sociology and Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA;

    Department of Sociology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Neighborhood; Race; Metropolitan area; Segregation; Stratification;

    机译：邻里;种族;大都市区;隔离;分层;

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