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Automated assessment of the remineralization of artificial enamel lesions with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography

机译：偏振敏感光学相干断层扫描自动评估人工牙釉质再矿化

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Accurate measurement of the highly mineralized transparent surface layer that forms on caries lesions is important for diagnosis of the lesion activity because chemical intervention can slow or reverse the caries process via remineralization. Previous in-vitro and in-vivo studies have demonstrated that polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) can nondestructively image the subsurface lesion structure and the highly mineralized transparent surface zone of caries lesions. The purpose of this study was to develop an approach to automatically process 3-dimensional PS-OCT images and to accurately assess the remineralization process in simulated enamel lesions. Artificial enamel lesions were prepared on twenty bovine enamel blocks using two models to produce varying degree of demineralization and remineralization. The thickness of the transparent surface layer and the integrated reflectivity of the subsurface lesion were measured using PS-OCT. The automated transparent surface layer detection algorithm was able to successfully detect the transparent surface layers with high sensitivity ( = 0.92) and high specificity ( = 0.97). The estimated thickness of the transparent surface layer showed a strong correlation with polarized light microscopy (PLM) measurements of all regions (R2 = 0.90). The integrated reflectivity, ΔR, and the integrated mineral loss, ΔZ, showed a moderate correlation (R2 = 0.32). This study demonstrates that PS-OCT can automatically measure the changes in artificial enamel lesion structure and severity upon exposure to remineralization solutions.
机译：准确测量形成在龋齿病变上的高度矿化的透明表面层对于诊断病变活动非常重要，因为化学干预可通过再矿化减慢或逆转龋齿过程。先前的体外和体内研究表明，偏振敏感光学相干断层扫描（PS-OCT）可以对龋损的地下病变结构和高度矿化的透明表面区域进行无损成像。这项研究的目的是开发一种方法来自动处理3维PS-OCT图像并准确评估模拟牙釉质病变中的再矿化过程。使用两个模型在二十个牛牙釉质块上制备了人工牙釉质病变，以产生不同程度的脱矿质和再矿化。使用PS-OCT测量透明表面层的厚度和表面下病变的综合反射率。自动化的透明表面层检测算法能够成功地以高灵敏度（= 0.92）和高特异性（= 0.97）检测透明表面层。透明表面层的估计厚度与所有区域的偏振光显微镜（PLM）测量值都具有很强的相关性（R2 = 0.90）。积分反射率ΔR和积分矿物质损失ΔZ显示中等程度的相关性（R2 = 0.32）。这项研究表明，PS-OCT可以在暴露于再矿化溶液后自动测量人造牙釉质病变结构和严重程度的变化。

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