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Psychosocial factors associated with smoking and drinking among Japanese early adolescent boys and girls: Cross-sectional study

机译：日本早期青春期男孩和女孩吸烟与饮酒相关的社会心理因素：横断面研究

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Background Smoking and drinking alcohol among early adolescents are serious public health concerns, but few studies have been conducted in Japan to assess their prevalence and etiology. A regional survey was conducted in eight schools in two Japanese school districts to identify psychosocial factors associated with smoking and drinking behaviors for boys and girls. Methods Junior high school students from seventh to ninth grades (N = 2,923) completed a self-reported questionnaire between December 2002 and March 2003. Relationships between psychosocial variables (i.e., self-assertive efficacy to resist peer pressure, parental involvement, school adjustment, and deviant peer influence) and smoking and drinking were investigated using logistic regression analyses and path analyses. Results Smoking in the last six months was significantly more prevalent in boys (7.9%) than girls (5.1%). The prevalence of drinking in the last six months was similar in boys (23.7%) and girls (21.8%). Self-efficacy to resist peer pressure was negatively associated with both smoking and drinking among both boys and girls and provided both direct and indirect effects through deviant peer influence. Parental involvement showed indirect effects through school adjustment and/or deviant peer influence to both smoking among both boys and girls and drinking among girls, although parental involvement showed direct effects on smoking only for boys. School adjustment was negatively associated with smoking among both boys and girls and drinking among girls. Conclusion These findings suggest that self-assertive efficacy to resist peer pressure, parental involvement, school adjustment and deviant peer influence are potentially important factors that could be addressed by programs to prevent smoking and/or drinking among early adolescent boys and girls in Japan.
机译：背景技术在青少年中吸烟和饮酒是严重的公共卫生问题，但在日本很少进行评估其患病率和病因的研究。在日本两个学区的八所学校中进行了区域调查，以确定与男孩和女孩的吸烟和饮酒行为有关的社会心理因素。方法从2002年12月至2003年3月，从7至9年级的初中学生（N = 2,923）填写了一份自我报告的问卷。心理社会变量之间的关系（即抵抗同伴压力的自我肯定效果，父母参与，学校适应，以及吸烟者和饮酒者使用逻辑回归分析和路径分析进行了调查。结果在过去六个月中，男孩（7.9％）的吸烟率明显高于女孩（5.1％）。在过去六个月中，男孩（23.7％）和女孩（21.8％）的饮酒率相似。抵抗同伴压力的自我效能与男孩和女孩的吸烟和饮酒均呈负相关，并通过异常的同伴影响提供直接和间接影响。父母的参与显示出通过学校调整和/或同龄人对男孩和女孩之间的吸烟以及女孩中的饮酒的异样影响的间接影响，尽管父母的参与仅对男孩的吸烟有直接影响。学校调整与男孩和女孩吸烟以及女孩饮酒负相关。结论这些发现表明，抗拒同伴压力，父母参与，学校适应和同伴异样影响的自我肯定功效可能是日本预防青春期男孩和女孩吸烟和/或饮酒的计划可以解决的潜在重要因素。

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