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Lower peripheral circulation in eumenorrheic young women with premenstrual symptoms

机译：患有经前期症状的雌性月经不调的年轻女性的外周血循环降低

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Background A majority of women from all cultures and socioeconomic levels experience diverse psychosomatic and behavioral symptoms premenstrually, a phenomenon commonly termed premenstrual syndrome, although symptoms and discomfort levels vary from woman to woman. The underlying pathological mechanisms of premenstrual syndrome remain unknown; however, altered function or even slight disorder of the blood circulation system, which contributes to the orchestrations of the human internal environment, could cause bio-psychological changes leading to complaints and ultimately compromising a woman's overall health. The present study, therefore, investigates to what extent and how the menstrual cyclicity of peripheral circulation is associated with premenstrual symptomatology. Methods Twenty-one eumenorrheic young women participated in this study. All subjects were investigated during the follicular and late luteal phases. Cycle phase was determined by the onset of menstruation and oral temperature and was verified by concentrations of ovarian hormones, estrone, and pregnanediol in a urine sample taken early in the morning. Peripheral circulation was evaluated with the Astrim (Sysmex, Kobe), a portable non-invasive monitoring device using the principle of near-infrared spectroscopy, which calculates the venous oxygenation index (VOI) based on the ratio of light absorption of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, a proven reliable indicator of peripheral blood circulation. The Menstrual Distress Questionnaire was applied to measure physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms accompanying the menstrual cycle of the subjects. Results The oral temperature and urinary ovarian hormones adjusted for creatinine significantly increased in the late luteal phase in all subjects. While 10 subjects experienced no symptoms during the menstrual cycle, 11 subjects had apparent physical and psychological discomfort in the late luteal phase. We found that VOI decreased more significantly in the late luteal phase than in the follicular phase only in women with premenstrual discomfort although the symptoms were not unbearable enough to cause the disruption of daily activities. Conclusion Several models have tried to explain the etiopathogenesis of premenstrual syndrome. Although causes and consequences remain enigmatic, our data suggest that the peripheral circulation could alter in the luteal phase, which might be partly associated with premenstrual psychosomatic symptoms in eumenorrheic young women.
机译：背景技术来自所有文化和社会经济水平的大多数妇女在经前都会经历各种心身和行为症状，这种现象通常被称为经前综合症，尽管症状和不适水平因女性而异。经前综合症的潜在病理机制仍不清楚。但是，血液循环系统功能的改变或什至是轻微的紊乱，会导致人类内部环境的协调运转，可能会导致生物心理变化，从而引起抱怨，并最终损害妇女的整体健康。因此，本研究调查了月经周围循环的程度和程度如何与经前症状有关。方法二十一女流女青年参加了这项研究。在卵泡期和黄体期后期对所有受试者进行了研究。周期阶段由月经来潮和口服温度决定，并由清晨采集的尿液样本中卵巢激素，雌酮和孕烯二醇的浓度验证。使用便携式非侵入式监测设备Astrim（Sysmex，Kobe）利用近红外光谱原理对周围循环进行评估，该设备根据氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白的光吸收率计算静脉氧合指数（VOI），可靠的外周血循环指标。月经困扰问卷用于测量受试者月经周期的身体，情绪和行为症状。结果在所有黄体期中，经肌酐调整后的口腔温度和尿液中的卵巢激素均显着升高。尽管有10名受试者在月经周期中未出现任何症状，但11名受试者在黄体后期有明显的身体和心理不适。我们发现，仅在月经前不适的女性中，黄体期后期的VOI比卵泡期的降低更明显，尽管这些症状并不足以引起日常活动的中断。结论几种模型试图解释经前期综合征的病因。尽管起因和后果仍然令人困惑，但我们的数据表明黄体期外周血循环可能发生改变，这可能与雌性月经过多的年轻女性的经前心身症状有关。

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