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Flavonoid engineering of flax potentiate its biotechnological application

机译：亚麻黄酮工程增强了其生物技术应用

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Background Flavonoids are a group of secondary plant metabolites important for plant growth and development. They show also a protective effect against colon and breast cancer, diabetes, hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis, lupus nephritis, and immune and inflammatory reactions. Thus, overproduction of these compounds in flax by genetic engineering method might potentiate biotechnological application of these plant products. Results Flax plants of third generation overexpressing key genes of flavonoid pathway cultivated in field were used as plant material throughout this study. The biochemical properties of seed, oil and seedcake extracts and fibre from natural and transgenic flax plants were compared. The data obtained suggests that the introduced genes were stably inherited and expressed through plant generations. Overproduction of flavonoid compounds resulted in increase of fatty acids accumulation in oil from transgenic seeds due to protection from oxidation offered during synthesis and seed maturation. The biochemical analysis of seedcake extracts from seeds of transgenic flax revealed significant increase in flavonoids (kaempferol), phenolic acids (coumaric, ferulic, synapic acids) and lignan content. Fibres, another product of flax plant showed increase in the level of catechine and acetylvanillone and decrease in phenolic acids upon flax modification. Biochemical analysis results were confirmed using IR spectroscopy. The integral intensities of IR bands have been used for identification of the component of phenylpropanoid pathway in oil, seedcake extract and fibre from control and transgenic flax. It was shown that levels of flavonoids, phenolic acids and lignans in oil and seedcake extract was higher in transgenic flax products compared to control. An FT-IR study of fibres confirmed the biochemical data and revealed that the arrangement of the cellulose polymer in the transgenic fibres differs from the control; in particular a significant decrease in the number of hydrogen bonds was detected. Conclusions All analysed products from generated transgenic plants were enriched with antioxidant compounds derived from phenylopropanoid pathway Thus the products provide valuable source of flavonoids, phenolic acids and lignan for biomedical application. The compounds composition and quantity from transgenic plants was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. Thus the infrared spectroscopy appeared to be suitable method for characterization of flax products.
机译：背景类黄酮是一组对植物生长和发育重要的次生植物代谢产物。它们还显示出对结肠癌和乳腺癌，糖尿病，高胆固醇血症的动脉粥样硬化，狼疮性肾炎以及免疫和炎性反应的保护作用。因此，通过基因工程方法在亚麻中过量生产这些化合物可能会增强这些植物产品的生物技术应用。结果在田间栽培的第三代亚麻植物中，过表达黄酮途径关键基因的植物被用作植物材料。比较了天然和转基因亚麻植物的种子，油和种饼提取物以及纤维的生化特性。获得的数据表明，引入的基因通过植物世代稳定地遗传和表达。由于合成和种子成熟过程中提供的抗氧化作用，类黄酮化合物的过量生产导致来自转基因种子的油中脂肪酸积累的增加。对转基因亚麻种子的饼粕提取物进行的生化分析表明，类黄酮（山emp酚），酚酸（香豆酸，阿魏酸，突触酸）和木脂素含量显着增加。亚麻植物的另一种产品纤维在亚麻改性后显示儿茶素和乙酰香草醛水平增加，酚酸减少。使用IR光谱法确认了生化分析结果。 IR条带的整体强度已用于鉴定油，种饼提取物和来自对照和转基因亚麻的纤维中的苯丙烷途径的成分。结果表明，与对照相比，转基因亚麻产品中油和种饼提取物中的类黄酮，酚酸和木脂素含量更高。纤维的FT-IR研究证实了其生化数据，并揭示了转基因纤维中纤维素聚合物的排列方式与对照不同。特别是检测到氢键数量显着减少。结论从转基因植物中得到的所有分析产物均富含苯丙烷途径产生的抗氧化剂，从而为生物医学应用提供了有价值的黄酮，酚酸和木脂素来源。通过IR光谱法确认了来自转基因植物的化合物组成和数量。因此，红外光谱似乎是表征亚麻产品的合适方法。

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