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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making >Against conventional wisdom: when the public, the media, and medical practice collide
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Against conventional wisdom: when the public, the media, and medical practice collide

机译：与传统观点相反：当公众，媒体和医疗实践发生冲突时

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BackgroundIn 2009, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force released new mammography screening guidelines that sparked a torrent of criticism. The subsequent conflict was significant and pitted the Task Force against other health organizations, advocacy groups, the media, and the public at large. We argue that this controversy was driven by the systematic removal of uncertainty from science communication. To increase comprehension and adherence, health information communicators remove caveats, limitations, and hedging so science appears simple and more certain. This streamlining process is, in many instances, initiated by researchers as they engage in dissemination of their findings, and it is facilitated by public relations professionals, journalists, public health practitioners, and others whose tasks involve using the results from research for specific purposes.AnalysisUncertainty is removed from public communication because many communicators believe that it is difficult for people to process and/or that it is something the audience wants to avoid. Uncertainty management theory posits that people can find meaning and value in uncertainty. We define key terms relevant to uncertainty management, describe research on the processing of uncertainty, identify directions for future research, and offer recommendations for scientists, practitioners, and media professionals confronted with uncertain findings.ConclusionsScience is routinely simplified as it is prepared for public consumption. In line with the model of information overload, this practice may increase short-term adherence to recommendations at the expense of long-term message consistency and trust in science.
机译：背景技术2009年，美国预防服务工作队发布了新的乳房X线照片筛查指南，引发了无数批评。随后发生的冲突十分严重，使工作队与其他卫生组织，倡导团体，媒体和广大公众抗衡。我们认为，这种争论是由科学传播中系统性消除不确定性所驱动的。为了提高理解力和依从性，健康信息传播者消除了警告，限制和对冲，因此科学显得简单而更加确定。在许多情况下，这种精简过程是由研究人员在传播其研究结果时发起的，并且由公共关系专业人士，新闻工作者，公共卫生从业人员以及其他任务（涉及将研究结果用于特定目的）进行促进。分析不确定性从公共传播中消除了，因为许多传播者认为人们很难处理和/或这是观众想要避免的事情。不确定性管理理论认为，人们可以在不确定性中找到意义和价值。我们定义与不确定性管理相关的关键术语，描述不确定性处理的研究，确定未来研究的方向，并为面临不确定性发现的科学家，从业人员和媒体专业人士提供建议。结论科学在为公共消费做准备时会定期进行简化。与信息过载的模型一致，此做法可能会增加对信息建议的短期遵守，但会损害长期的信息一致性和对科学的信任。

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