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Knowledge of stroke risk factors among primary care patients with previous stroke or TIA: a questionnaire study

机译：先前患有卒中或TIA的初级保健患者的卒中危险因素知识：一项问卷调查研究

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Background Survivers of stroke or transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) are at risk of new vascular events. Our objective was to study primary health care patients with stroke/TIA regarding their knowledge about risk factors for having a new event of stroke/TIA, possible associations between patient characteristics and patients' knowledge about risk factors, and patients' knowledge about their preventive treatment for stroke/TIA. Methods A questionnaire was distributed to 240 patients with stroke/TIA diagnoses, and 182 patients (76%) responded. We asked 13 questions about diseases/conditions and lifestyle factors known to be risk factors and four questions regarding other diseases/conditions ("distractors"). The patients were also asked whether they considered each disease/condition to be one of their own. Additional questions concerned the patients' social and functional status and their drug use. The t-test was used for continuous variables, chi-square test for categorical variables, and a regression model with variables influencing patient knowledge was created. Results Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking were identified as risk factors by nearly 90% of patients, and atrial fibrillation and diabetes by less than 50%. Few patients considered the distractors as stroke/TIA risk factors (3-6%). Patients with a family history of cardiovascular disease, and patients diagnosed with carotid stenosis, atrial fibrillation or diabetes, knew these were stroke/TIA risk factors to a greater extent than patients without these conditions. Atrial fibrillation or a family history of cardiovascular disease was associated with better knowledge about risk factors, and higher age, cerebral haemorrhage and living alone with poorer knowledge. Only 56% of those taking anticoagulant drugs considered this as intended for prevention, while 48% of those taking platelet aggregation inhibitors thought this was for prevention. Conclusions Knowledge about hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking as risk factors was good, and patients who suffered from atrial fibrillation or carotid stenosis seemed to be well informed about these conditions as risk factors. However, the knowledge level was low regarding diabetes as a risk factor and regarding the use of anticoagulants and platelet aggregation inhibitors for stroke/TIA prevention. Better teaching strategies for stroke/TIA patients should be developed, with special attention focused on diabetic patients.
机译：背景中风或短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）的幸存者有发生新血管事件的风险。我们的目标是研究中风/ TIA的初级保健患者有关中风/ TIA新事件的危险因素的知识，患者特征与患者对危险因素的知识之间的可能关联以及患者对预防性治疗的知识用于中风/ TIA。方法向240例中风/ TIA诊断患者发放问卷，有182例（76％）回答。我们问了13个有关疾病/状况和生活方式因素（已知为危险因素）的问题，以及4个关于其他疾病/状况（“干扰因素”）的问题。还询问患者他们是否认为每种疾病/病状都是自己的。其他问题涉及患者的社会和功能状况以及他们的药物使用情况。 t检验用于连续变量，卡方检验用于分类变量，并创建了具有影响患者知识的变量的回归模型。结果将近90％的患者将高血压，高脂血症和吸烟视为危险因素，而将不到50％的患者视为房颤和糖尿病。很少有患者将干扰因素视为中风/ TIA危险因素（3-6％）。有心血管疾病家族病史的患者以及被诊断出患有颈动脉狭窄，心房颤动或糖尿病的患者比没有这些疾病的患者更了解这些是中风/ TIA危险因素。心房颤动或心血管疾病的家族病史与对危险因素的更好了解有关，而较高的年龄，脑出血和独自生活则知识较差。服用抗凝药的人中只有56％认为这是为了预防，而服用血小板凝集抑制剂的人中有48％认为这是为了预防。结论高血压，高脂血症和吸烟是危险因素的知识是很好的，患有房颤或颈动脉狭窄的患者似乎对这些情况有很好的了解。但是，关于糖尿病作为危险因素以及使用抗凝药和血小板聚集抑制剂预防中风/ TIA的知识水平较低。应该为卒中/ TIA患者制定更好的教学策略，并特别关注糖尿病患者。

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