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Prevalence of Pulmonary tuberculosis and immunological profile of HIV co-infected patients in Northwest Ethiopia

机译：埃塞俄比亚西北部艾滋病合并感染患者的肺结核患病率和免疫学特征

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Background In sub-Saharan Africa, as high as 2/3 of tuberculosis patients are HIV/AIDS co-infected and tuberculosis is the most common cause of death among HIV/AIDS patients worldwide. Tuberculosis and HIV co-infections are associated with special diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and constitute an immense burden on healthcare systems of heavily infected countries like Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and their immunologic profiles among HIV positive patients. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among adult HIV-positive patients attending HIV/AIDS clinic of Gondar University Hospital. Clinical and laboratory investigations including chest x-ray and acid fast staining were used to identify tuberculosis cases. Blood samples were collected to determine CD4+ lymphocyte count. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics of study subjects. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16 software. Results A total of 400 HIV positive study participants were enrolled. Thirty (7.5%, 95%CI: 5.2-10.6%) of the study participants were found to have pulmonary tuberculosis. In multivariate analysis, only CD4+ lymphocyte count (AOR?=?2.9; 95% CI: 1.002-8.368) was found to be independently associated with tuberculosis-HIV co-infection. Individuals who had advanced WHO clinical stage were also statistically significant for co-infection. The mean CD4+ lymphocyte count of HIV mono-infected participants were 296?±?192 Cells/mm3 and tuberculosis-HIV co-infected patients had mean CD4+ lymphocyte count of 199?±?149 Cells/mm3 with p value of 0.007. Conclusions We found high prevalence of tuberculosis-HIV co-infection. Lower CD4+ lymphocyte count was found to be the only predicting factor for co-infection. Early detection of co-infection is very necessary to prolong their ART initiation time and by then strengthening their immune status.
机译：背景技术在撒哈拉以南非洲，高达2/3的结核病患者被HIV / AIDS共同感染，结核病是全世界HIV / AIDS患者最常见的死亡原因。结核病和艾滋病毒的合并感染与特殊的诊断和治疗挑战相关联，对埃塞俄比亚等重症感染国家的医疗系统构成沉重负担。该研究的目的是确定在HIV阳性患者中肺结核的患病率及其免疫学特征。方法对在贡达尔大学医院就诊的成人HIV阳性患者进行横断面研究。临床和实验室检查（包括胸部X射线检查和耐酸染色）用于鉴定结核病例。收集血样以确定CD4 +淋巴细胞计数。使用结构化调查表收集研究对象的社会人口统计学特征。使用SPSS 16版软件输入并分析数据。结果总共招募了400名HIV阳性研究参与者。研究参与者中有三十名（7.5％，95％CI：5.2-10.6％）被发现患有肺结核。在多变量分析中，仅发现CD4 +淋巴细胞计数（AORα=？2.9; 95％CI：1.002-8.368）与结核病-HIV合并感染独立相关。世卫组织临床晚期的个体的合并感染也有统计学意义。 HIV单一感染者的平均CD4 +淋巴细胞计数为296±±192细胞/ mm3，结核病-HIV合并感染患者的CD4 +淋巴细胞平均计数为199±±149细胞/ mm3，p值为0.007。结论我们发现结核病-HIV合并感染的患病率很高。发现较低的CD4 +淋巴细胞计数是共同感染的唯一预测因素。早期检测共感染对于延长其ART起始时间并进而增强其免疫状态非常重要。

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