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Implicit gender bias among US resident physicians

机译：美国住院医师内隐的性别偏见

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The purpose of this study was to characterize implicit gender bias among residents in US Emergency Medicine and OB/GYN residencies. We conducted a survey of all allopathic Emergency Medicine and OB/GYN residency programs including questions about leadership as well as an implicit association test (IAT) for unconscious gender bias. We used descriptive statistics to analyze the Likert-type survey responses and used standard IAT analysis methods. We conducted univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors that were associated with implicit bias. We conducted a subgroup analysis of study sites involved in a multi-site intervention study to determine if responses were different in this group. Overall, 74% of the programs had at least one respondent. Out of 14,234 eligible, 1634 respondents completed the survey (11.5%). Of the five sites enrolled in the intervention study, 244 of 359 eligible residents completed the survey (68%). Male residents had a mean IAT score of 0.31 (SD 0.23) and females 0.14 (SD 0.24), both favoring males in leadership roles and the difference was statistically significant (p??0.01). IAT scores did not differ by postgraduate year (PGY). Multivariable analysis of IAT score and participant demographics confirmed a significant association between female gender and lower IAT score. Explicit bias favoring males in leadership roles was associated with increased implicit bias favoring males in leadership roles (r?=?0.1 p??0.001). We found that gender bias is present among US residents favoring men in leadership positions, this bias differs between male and female residents, and is associated with discipline. Implicit bias did not differ across training years, and is associated with explicit bias.
机译：这项研究的目的是描述美国急诊医学和OB / GYN住院医师中隐性的性别偏见。我们对所有同种疗法急诊医学和OB / GYN住院医师计划进行了调查，包括有关领导力的问题以及无意识的性别偏见的内隐联想测验（IAT）。我们使用描述性统计数据来分析李克特型调查答复，并使用标准的IAT分析方法。我们进行了单变量和多变量分析，以找出与隐性偏见相关的因素。我们对参与多站点干预研究的研究站点进行了亚组分析，以确定该组中的响应是否不同。总体而言，有74％的计划至少有一名受访者。在14,234名合格的参与者中，有1634名受访者完成了调查（11.5％）。在参与干预研究的五个地点中，有359个合格的居民中的244个完成了调查（68％）。男性居民的平均IAT得分为0.31（标准差0.23），女性为0.14（标准差0.24），均偏爱男性担任领导职务，差异具有统计学意义（p <0.01）。 IAT分数在研究生年份（PGY）方面没有差异。 IAT分数和参与者人口统计数据的多变量分析证实，女性与较低的IAT分数之间存在显着相关性。男性偏爱领导角色显着偏向于男性偏执偏见（r = 0.1 p <0.001）。我们发现，在偏爱担任领导职位的美国居民中存在性别偏见，这种偏见在男性和女性居民中有所不同，并且与纪律有关。隐性偏见在培训年间没有差异，与显性偏见相关。

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