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Development of medication-related counselling skills in senior medical students: a checklist-based approach

机译：高级医学学生与药物相关的咨询技巧的开发：基于清单的方法

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Effective communication between healthcare providers and patients has been established as a vital element in medication compliance and patient safety. Medical curricula worldwide include medication-related counselling skill as a learning outcome for medical graduates. However, this aspect of health-care training is frequently informal and poorly structured in most medical schools. This paper provides an interesting view of students’ experiences of using a checklist-based approach to develop and practice patient counselling in relation to prescribed medications. The authors describe introduction of a thirteen item “Patient Education Checklist” (PEC) as part of an optional checklist based exercise (CBE) in year 4 and 5 clinical blocks. Students consulted PEC to discuss relevant practical issues related to medication intake with their patients. Students were expected to submit reflective case summaries regarding their experience of using PEC to counsel patients over a two-week period. The textual data from student submissions was analysed using inductive content analysis. We received 13?year4 and 17?year5 student submissions. A content analysis of student reflections identified four dominant themes 1.Enhancement in self-confidence in relation to patient education (86.7%), 2. PEC perceived useful for patient counselling (83.3%), 3. Recognising variation in health literacy levels of patients (50%), 4.Fear of overloading the patient with information (23.3%). Students realised the need to present the medication related knowledge in simple language and tailor the amount of information as per patients’ understanding. Student reflections included interesting observations about the wide variation in health literacy of patients and insights into patients’ concerns and frequent misconceptions about medicines. Students perceived PEC as a useful tool in adding focus and structure to student patient interactions. They report that it substantially improved their confidence and added quality to patient encounters. Future research is required to assess the effect of CBE on medication compliance and therapeutic outcome. PEC might serve as a useful resource for pharmacy and nursing students.
机译：医护人员与患者之间的有效沟通已确立为药物依从性和患者安全的重要因素。全世界的医学课程都包括与药物相关的咨询技巧，作为医学专业毕业生的学习成果。但是，在大多数医学院中，卫生保健培训的这一方面通常是非正式的，结构也较差。本文提供了关于学生使用基于清单的方法来开发和实践与处方药相关的患者咨询的有趣观点。作者描述了在第4年和第5年临床试验中引入的十三项“患者教育检查表”（PEC），作为基于检查表的可选运动（CBE）的一部分。学生咨询了PEC，与患者讨论与药物摄入相关的实际问题。要求学生在两周的时间内就使用PEC为患者提供咨询的经验提交反思性案例摘要。使用归纳式内容分析来分析学生提交的文本数据。我们收到了13年级和17年级5名学生的论文。对学生反思的内容分析确定了四个主要主题：1.与患者教育相关的自信心增强（86.7％）; 2.被认为对患者咨询有用的PEC（83.3％）; 3.识别患者健康素养水平的差异（50％），4。担心患者信息超载（23.3％）。学生意识到需要以简单的语言呈现与药物相关的知识，并根据患者的理解量身定制信息量。学生的反思包括对患者健康素养的广泛差异的有趣观察，以及对患者关注和对药物的常见误解的见解。学生认为PEC是增加学生与患者互动的重点和结构的有用工具。他们报告说，它极大地提高了他们的信心，并提高了患者诊治的质量。需要进一步的研究来评估CBE对药物依从性和治疗结果的影响。 PEC可以作为药学和护理专业学生的有用资源。

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