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Research translation to inform national health policies: learning from multiple perspectives in Uganda

机译：研究翻译以为国家卫生政策提供信息：乌干达从多个角度学习

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BackgroundResearch and evidence can have an impact on policy and practice, resulting in positive outcomes. However, research translation is a complex, dynamic and non-linear process. Although universities in Africa play a major role in generating research evidence, their strategic approaches to influence health policies and decision making are weak. This study was conducted with the aim of understanding the process of translating research into policy in order to guide the strategic direction of Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) and similar institutions in their quest to influence health outcomes nationally and globally.MethodsA case study approach using 30 in-depth interviews with stakeholders involved in two HIV prevention research project was purposively selected. The study sought to analyze the research-to-policy discourses for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) and safe male circumcision (SMC). The analysis sought to identify entry points, strengths and challenges for research-to-policy processes by interviewing three major groups of stakeholders in Uganda – researchers (8), policy makers (12) and media practitioners (12).ResultsAmong the factors that facilitated PMTCT policy uptake and continued implementation were: shared platforms for learning and decision making among stakeholders, implementation pilots to assess feasibility of intervention, the emerging of agencies to undertake operations research and the high visibility of policy benefits to child survival. In contrast, SMC policy processes were stalled for over two years after the findings of the Uganda study was made public. Among other factors, policy makers demanded additional research to assess implementation feasibility of SMC within ordinary health system context. High level leaders also publicly contested the SMC evidence and the underlying values and messages – a situation that reduced the coalition of policy champions.ConclusionsThis study shows that effective translation of PMTCT and SMC research results demanded a “360 degree” approach to assembling additional evidence to inform the implementation feasibility for these two HIV prevention interventions. MakCHS and similar institutions should prioritize implementation research to guide the policy processes about the feasibility of implementing new and effective innovations (e.g. PMTCT or SMC) at a large scale in contexts that may be different from the research environments.
机译：背景研究和证据可能会对政策和实践产生影响，从而产生积极成果。但是，研究翻译是一个复杂，动态和非线性的过程。尽管非洲大学在产生研究证据方面发挥着主要作用，但其影响卫生政策和决策的战略方法却薄弱。进行这项研究的目的是理解将研究转化为政策的过程，以指导马克雷雷大学健康科学学院（MakCHS）和类似机构寻求在全国和全球范围内影响健康结果的战略方向。目的选择与30个与两个艾滋病毒预防研究项目有关的利益相关者进行深入访谈的方法。该研究旨在分析从政策到政策的话语，以防止母婴传播（PMTCT）和安全男性割礼（SMC）。该分析试图通过采访乌干达的三大利益相关方群体（研究人员（8名），决策者（12名）和媒体从业人员（12名））来确定从研究到政策制定过程的切入点，优势和挑战。结果PMTCT政策的采用和持续实施是：利益相关者之间共享学习和决策的平台，评估干预措施可行性的实施试点，开展业务研究的机构的出现以及对儿童生存的政策利益的高度可见性。相反，在乌干达研究的结果公开之后，SMC的政策进程被拖延了两年多。除其他因素外，决策者还要求进行其他研究，以评估SMC在普通卫生系统背景下实施的可行性。高级别领导者还公开质疑SMC证据以及潜在的价值和信息，这种情况减少了政策支持者的联盟。告知这两项艾滋病预防干预措施的实施可行性。 MakCHS和类似机构应优先考虑实施研究，以指导有关可能与研究环境不同的背景下大规模实施新的有效创新（例如PMTCT或SMC）的可行性的政策流程。

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